چكيده به لاتين
Abstract:
The formation of silk /montmorillonite (MMT)/collagen composite biomaterials for bone tissue formation is described. Silk fibroin serves as an organic scaffold material offering mechanical stability suitable for bone-specific applications. MMT (Cloisite Na+) is a source of osteoinductive silica-rich inorganic species, analogous to bioactive bioglass-like bone repair biomaterial systems. By using collagen cell adherence and proliferation were increased.
In this project different MMT particle–silk composite biomaterial scaffolds were compared with silk/MMT/collagen scaffolds. When collagen was added to MMT solution at physiological pH, modification of clay occurred because of the interaction between MMT and collagen. With methanol treatment, the silk/MMT/collagen scaffolds became water-stable, following the transition from random and α-helix to β-sheet conformation. The prepared composite scaffold was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. In addition, the synergetic effect of collagen and MMT on physicochemical properties of the scaffold including swelling ratio, porosity, and mechanical behaviors were studied. The bioactivity study of the scaffold was carried out with the simulated body fluid solution (SBF) followed by the characterization with the XRD, FT-IR, and SEM. The cytotoxicity of scaffolds was examined by MTT assay using rabbit osteoblast cells.
Scaffolds in the presence of collagen and MMT showed an increased biomineralization, cells adherence and proliferation. The silk/MMT/collagen showed a significant effect on the viability of the cells. Also good swelling and porosity characters of the composite scaffolds caused to their improved mechanical properties.
The method used in this study has several advantages, such as: collagen is interacted with the MMT solution at room temperature at physiological pH and therefore it is not denatured and remain stable during the duration of the experiments, the chemical reaction can be easily controlled, a faster apatite precipitation on the scaffolds. The biomaterials supported the attachment and proliferation of rabbit osteoblast cells, maintaining high cell viability.
Keywords: silk, montmorillonite, mineralization, freeze drying, collagen
