چكيده به لاتين
[1] H. Chen, J. Zhao, J. Wu, and G. Dai, "Isotherm, thermodynamic, kinetics and adsorption mechanism studies of methyl orange by surfactant modified silkworm exuviae," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 192, pp. 246-254, 2011.
[2]T. K. Sen, S. Afroze, and H. Ang, "Equilibrium, kinetics and mechanism of removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by adsorption onto pine cone biomass of Pinus radiata," Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, vol. 218, pp. 499-515, 2011.
[3]M. Rahimi, "Removal of methylene blue from wastewater by adsorption onto ZnCl2 activated corn husk carbon equilibrium studies," Journal of Chemistry, vol. 2013/ 2013.
[4]G. Muthuraman and T. T. Teng, "Extraction and recovery of rhodamine B, methyl violet and methylene blue from industrial wastewater using D2EHPA as an extractant," Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 15, pp. 841-846, 11/25/ 2009.
[5]Y. Bulut and H. Aydın, "A kinetics and thermodynamics study of methylene blue adsorption on wheat shells," Desalination, vol. 194, pp. 259-267, 2006.
[6]X. Rong, F. Qiu, J. Qin, H. Zhao, J. Yan, and D. Yang, "A facile hydrothermal synthesis, adsorption kinetics and isotherms to Congo Red azo-dye from aqueous solution of NiO/graphene nanosheets adsorbent," Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol.26 ,pp. 354-363, 2015.
[7]S. K. Sonar, P. S. Niphadkar, S. Mayadevi, and P. N. Joshi, "Preparation and characterization of porous fly ash/NiFe2O4 composite: Promising adsorbent for the removal of Congo red dye from aqueous solution," Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 148, pp. 371-379, 11/14/ 2014.
[8]A. Salima, K.-S. Ounissa, M. Lynda, and B. Mohamed, "Cationic dye (MB) removal using polymer inclusion membrane (PIMs)," Procedia Engineering, vol. 33, pp. 38-46, // 2012.
[9]A. Aliane, N. Bounatiro, A. Cherif, and D. Akretche, "Removal of chromium from aqueous solution by complexation–ultrafiltration using a water-soluble macroligand," Water Research, vol. 35, pp. 2320-2326, 2001.
[10]P. A. Ramalho, "Degradation of dyes with microorganisms: studies with ascomycete yeasts," 2005.
[11]S. Sourirajan, Reverse osmosis: London, UK: Logos Press Ltd., 1970.
[12]C. Fritzmann, J. Löwenberg, T. Wintgens, and T. Melin, "State-of-the-art of reverse osmosis desalination," Desalination, vol. 216, pp. 1-76, 2007.
[13]A. Zille, "Laccase reactions for textile applications," 2005.
[14]M. A. M. Martins, N. Lima, A. J. Silvestre, and M. J. Queiroz, "Comparative studies of fungal degradation of single or mixed bioaccessible reactive azo dyes," Chemosphere, vol. 52, pp. 967-973, 2003.
[15]Y. Bulut, "Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by sawdust adsorption," Journal of Environmental Sciences, vol. 19, pp. 160-166, 2007.
[16]R. C. Bansal and M. Goyal, Activated carbon adsorption: CRC press, 2005.
[17]R. E. Treybal and E. Treybal Robert, Mass-transfer operations vol. 3: McGraw-Hill New York, 1968.
[18]N. Atar, A. Olgun, S. Wang, and S. Liu, "Adsorption of anionic dyes on boron industry waste in single and binary solutions using batch and fixed-bed systems," Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, vol. 56, pp. 508-516, 2011.
[19]X.-K. Li, W.-J. Ji, J. Zhao, S.-J. Wang, and C.-T. Au, "Ammonia decomposition over Ru and Ni catalysts supported on fumed SiO2, MCM-41, and SBA-15," Journal of Catalysis, vol. 236, pp. 181-189, 2005.
[20]X.-J. Jia, J. Wang, J. Wu, Y. Du, B. Zhao, and D. den Engelsen, "Bouquet-like calcium sulfate dihydrate: a highly efficient adsorbent for Congo red dye," RSC Advances, vol. 5, pp. 72321-72330, 2015.
[21]Y. Wu, X. Mi, L. Jiang, B. Li, and S. Feng, "Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics study on biosorption of Cr (VI) by fresh biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae," Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, vol. 28, pp. 895-901, 2011.
[22]D. D. Do, Adsorption analysis: equilibria and kinetics vol. 2: Imperial College Press, 1998.
[23]A. Fakhri and S. Adami, "Adsorption and thermodynamic study of Cephalosporins antibiotics from aqueous solution onto MgO nanoparticles," Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, vol. 45, pp. 1001-1006, 2014.
[24]R. Sivashankar, A. Sathya, K. Vasantharaj, and V. Sivasubramanian, "Magnetic composite an environmental super adsorbent for dye sequestration–A review," Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, vol. 1, pp. 36-49, 2014.
[25]S. Lagergren, "Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption gelöster stoffe. Bil. K. Svenska Venteskapsakad, Handl. 24 (1898) as cited by Wasay et al," Water Res, vol. 30, pp. 1143-1148, 1996.
[26]Z. Zhang, W. Zhu, R. Wang, L. Zhang, L. Zhu, and Q. Zhang, "Ionothermal confined self-organization for hierarchical porous magnesium borate superstructures as highly efficient adsorbents for dye removal," Journal of Materials Chemistry A,vol 2/45, pp.19167-19179, 2014.
[27]M. T. Yagub, T. K. Sen, S. Afroze, and H. M. Ang, "Dye and its removal from aqueous solution by adsorption: a review," Advances in colloid and interface science, vol. 209, pp. 172-184, 2014.
[28]L. Cui, X. Guo, Q. Wei, Y. Wang, L. Gao, L. Yan, et al., "Removal of mercury and methylene blue from aqueous solution by xanthate functionalized magnetic graphene oxide: Sorption kinetic and uptake mechanism," Journal of colloid and interface science, vol. 439, pp. 112-120, 2015.
[29]L. A. Sepúlveda, F. A. Cuevas, and E. G. Contreras, "Valorization of agricultural wastes as dye adsorbents: characterization and adsorption isotherms," Environmental technology, vol. 36, pp. 1913-1923, 2015.
[30]K. A. Adegoke and O. S. Bello, "Dye sequestration using agricultural wastes as adsorbents," Water Resources and Industry, vol. 12, pp. 8-24, 2015.
[31]F. Deniz, "Dye removal by almond shell residues: Studies on biosorption performance and process design," Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol. 33, pp. 2821-2826, 2013.
[32]Y. Wang, L. Zhu, H. Jiang, F. Hu, and X. Shen, "Application of longan shell as non-conventional low-cost adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye from aqueous solution," Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, vol. 159, pp. 254-261, 2016.
[33]T. Calvete, E. C. Lima, N. F. Cardoso, J. C. P. Vaghetti, S. L. P. Dias, and F. A. Pavan, "Application of carbon adsorbents prepared from Brazilian-pine fruit shell for the removal of reactive orange 16 from aqueous solution: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies," Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 91, pp. 1695-1706, 2010.
[34]V. K. Garg, R. Gupta, A. Bala Yadav, and R. Kumar, "Dye removal from aqueous solution by adsorption on treated sawdust," Bioresource technology, vol. 89, pp. 121-124, 2003.
[35]P. Malik, "Dye removal from wastewater using activated carbon developed from sawdust: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 113, pp. 81-88, 2004.
[36]N. K. Kılıç, S. E. Karatay, E. Duygu, and G. Dönmez, "Potential of Gonium spp. in synthetic reactive dye removal, possible role of laccases and stimulation by triacontanol hormone," Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, vol. 222, pp. 297-303, 2011.
[37]E. K. Mitter, G. C. Dos Santos, É. J. R. de Almeida, L. G. Morão, H. D. P. Rodrigues, and C. R. Corso, "Analysis of acid alizarin violet N dye removal using sugarcane bagasse as adsorbent," Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, vol. 223, pp. 765-770, 2012.
[38]M. Wawrzkiewicz, "Anion exchange resins as effective sorbents for acidic dye removal from aqueous solutions and wastewaters," Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange, vol. 30, pp. 507-523, 2012.
[39]Z. Zhu, M. Zhang, F. Liu, C. Shuang, C. Zhu, Y. Zhang, et al., "Effect of polymeric matrix on the adsorption of reactive dye by anion-exchange resins," Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, vol. 62, pp. 98-103, 2016.
[40]Y. S. Al-Degs, M. I. El-Barghouthi, A. H. El-Sheikh, and G. M. Walker, "Effect of solution pH, ionic strength, and temperature on adsorption behavior of reactive dyes on activated carbon," Dyes and pigments, vol. 77, pp. 16-23, 2008.
[41]B. Hameed, I. Tan, and A. Ahmad, "Optimization of basic dye removal by oil palm fibre-based activated carbon using response surface methodology," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 158, pp. 324-332, 2008.
[42]F. Nekouei, S. Nekouei, I. Tyagi, and V. K. Gupta, "Kinetic, thermodynamic and isotherm studies for acid blue 129 removal from liquids using copper oxide nanoparticle-modified activated carbon as a novel adsorbent," Journal of Molecular Liquids, vol. 201, pp. 124-133, 2015.
[43]L. Ai and Y. Zeng, "Hierarchical porous NiO architectures as highly recyclable adsorbents for effective removal of organic dye from aqueous solution," Chemical engineering journal, vol. 215, pp. 269-278, 2013.
[44]H. Tajizadegan, M. Jafari, M. Rashidzadeh, and A. Saffar-Teluri, "A high activity adsorbent of ZnO–Al2O3 nanocomposite particles: synthesis, characterization and dye removal efficiency," Applied Surface Science, vol. 276, pp. 317-322, 2013.
[45]J.-L. Gong, B. Wang, G.-M. Zeng, C.-P. Yang, C.-G. Niu, Q.-Y. Niu, et al., "Removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solution using magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotube nanocomposite as adsorbent," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 164, pp. 1517-1522, 2009.
[46]A. K. Mishra, T. Arockiadoss, and S. Ramaprabhu, "Study of removal of azo dye by functionalized multi walled carbon nanotubes," Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 162, pp. 1026-1034, 2010.
[47]F. Liu, S. Chung, G. Oh, and T. S. Seo, "Three-dimensional graphene oxide nanostructure for fast and efficient water-soluble dye removal," ACS applied materials & interfaces, vol. 4, pp. 922-927, 2012.
[48]L. Fan, C. Luo, X. Li, F. Lu, H. Qiu, and M. Sun, "Fabrication of novel magnetic chitosan grafted with graphene oxide to enhance adsorption properties for methyl blue," Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 215–216, pp. 272-279, 5/15/ 2012.
[49]N. Ghows and M. H. Entezari, "Exceptional catalytic efficiency in mineralization of the reactive textile azo dye (RB5) by a combination of ultrasound and core–shell nanoparticles (CdS/TiO2)," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 195, pp. 132-138, 2011.
[50]S.-K. Li, F.-Z. Huang, Y. Wang, Y.-H. Shen, L.-G. Qiu, A.-J. Xie, et al., "Magnetic Fe3O4@C@Cu2O composites with bean-like core/shell nanostructures: Synthesis, properties and application in recyclable photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutants," Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 21, pp. 7459-7466, 2011.
[51]H. Kaşgöz and A. Durmus, "Dye removal by a novel hydrogel‐clay nanocomposite with enhanced swelling properties," Polymers for Advanced Technologies, vol. 19, pp. 838-845, 2008.
[52]N. Yang, S. Zhu, D. Zhang, and S. Xu, "Synthesis and properties of magnetic Fe3O4-activated carbon nanocomposite particles for dye removal," Materials Letters, vol. 62, pp. 645-647, 2/29/ 2008.
[53]Z. Zhang and J. Kong, "Novel magnetic Fe3O4@C nanoparticles as adsorbents for removal of organic dyes from aqueous solution," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 193, pp. 325-329, 2011.
[54]L. Liang, Q. Zhu, T. Wang, F. Wang, J. Ma, L. Jing, et al., "The synthesis of core–shell Fe3O4@mesoporous carbon in acidic medium and its efficient removal of dye," Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, vol. 197, pp. 221-228, 2014.
[55]T. Chen, X. Zhang, J. Qian, S. Li, X. Jia, and H.-J. Song, "One-step hydrothermal synthesis of carbon@Fe3O4 nanoparticles with high adsorption capacity," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 25, pp. 1381-1387, 2014.
[56]Y. Zhang, S. Xu, Y. Luo, S. Pan, H. Ding, and G. Li, "Synthesis of mesoporous carbon capsules encapsulated with magnetite nanoparticles and their application in wastewater treatment," Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 21, pp. 3664-3671, 2011.
[57]H. Zhang, D.-L. Liu, L.-L. Zeng, and M. Li, "β-Cyclodextrin assisted one-pot synthesis of mesoporous magnetic Fe3O4@C and their excellent performance for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions," Chinese Chemical Letters, vol. 24, pp. 341-343, 2013.
[58]R. Wu, J.-H. Liu, L. Zhao, X. Zhang, J. Xie, B. Yu, et al., "Hydrothermal preparation of magnetic Fe3O4@C nanoparticles for dye adsorption," Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, vol. 2, pp. 907-913, 2014.
[59]L. Qu, T. Han, Z. Luo, C. Liu, Y. Mei, and T. Zhu, "One-step fabricated Fe3O4@C core–shell composites for dye removal: Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics," Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, vol. 78, pp. 20-27, 3// 2015.
[60]H.-Y. Zhu, Y.-Q. Fu, R. Jiang, J.-H. Jiang, L. Xiao, G.-M. Zeng, et al., "Adsorption removal of congo red onto magnetic cellulose/Fe3O4/activated carbon composite: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies," Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 173, pp. 494-502, 2011.
[61]A. Afkhami and R. Moosavi, "Adsorptive removal of Congo red, a carcinogenic textile dye, from aqueous solutions by maghemite nanoparticles," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 174, pp. 398-403, 2010.
[62]L. Wang, J. Li, Z. Wang, L. Zhao, and Q. Jiang, "Low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis of α-Fe/Fe3O4 nanocomposite for fast Congo red removal," Dalton Transactions, vol. 42, pp. 2572-2579, 2013.
[63]L. Zhao, X.-L. Chang, R. Liao, X. Zhang, J. Xie, B. Yu, et al., "Facile hydrothermal preparation of S-doped Fe3O4@C nanoparticles for Cu 2+ removal," Materials Letters, vol. 135, pp. 154-157, 2014.
[64]S. Qiu and G. Zhu, "Molecular engineering for synthesizing novel structures of metal–organic frameworks with multifunctional properties," Coordination Chemistry Reviews, vol. 253, pp. 2891-2911, 2009.
[65]J. Sirvio, U. Hyvakko, H. Liimatainen, J. Niinimaki, and O. Hormi, "Periodate oxidation of cellulose at elevated temperatures using metal salts as cellulose activators," Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 83, pp. 1293-1297, 2011.
[66]Burton AW, Ong K, Rea T, Chan IY. On the estimation of average crystallite size of zeolites from the Scherrer equation: a critical evaluation of its application to zeolites with one-dimensional pore systems. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. vol, 117(1) pp:75-90,2009
[67]S.-H. Huo and X.-P. Yan, "Metal–organic framework MIL-100 (Fe) for the adsorption of malachite green from aqueous solution," Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 22, pp. 7449-7455, 2012.
[68]Y. Yao, F. Xu, M. Chen, Z. Xu, and Z. Zhu, "Adsorption behavior of methylene blue on carbon nanotubes," Bioresource technology, vol. 101, pp. 3040-3046, 2010.
[69]Y. Zhou, Q. Jin, T. Zhu, and Y. Akama, "Adsorption of chromium (VI) from aqueous solutions by cellulose modified with β-CD and quaternary ammonium groups," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 187, pp. 303-310, 2011.
[70]Z. Zhang and J. Kong, "Novel magnetic Fe3O4@C nanoparticles as adsorbents for removal of organic dyes from aqueous solution," Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 193, pp. 325-329, 10/15/ 2011.
[71]L. Ai, C. Zhang, F. Liao, Y. Wang, M. Li, L. Meng, et al., "Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution with magnetite loaded multi-wall carbon nanotube: kinetic, isotherm and mechanism analysis," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 198, pp. 282-290, 2011.
[72]G. Xie, P. Xi, H. Liu, F. Chen, L. Huang, Y. Shi, et al., "A facile chemical method to produce superparamagnetic graphene oxide–Fe3O4 hybrid composite and its application in the removal of dyes from aqueous solution," Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 22, pp. 1033-1039, 2012.
[73]L. Fan, C. Luo, M. Sun, H. Qiu, and X. Li, "Synthesis of magnetic β-cyclodextrin–chitosan/graphene oxide as nanoadsorbent and its application in dye adsorption and removal," Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, vol. 103, pp. 601-607, 2013.
[74]P. Wang, M. Cao, C. Wang, Y. Ao, J. Hou, and J. Qian, "Kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption of methylene blue by a magnetic graphene-carbon nanotube composite," Applied Surface Science, vol. 290, pp. 116-124, 1/30/ 2014.
[75]M. S. Sajab, C. H. Chia, S. Zakaria, and P. S. Khiew, "Cationic and anionic modifications of oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions," Bioresource technology, vol. 128, pp. 571-577, 2013.
[76]W. Zhang, H. Yang, L. Dong, H. Yan, H. Li, Z. Jiang, et al., "Efficient removal of both cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solutions using a novel amphoteric straw-based adsorbent," Carbohydrate polymers, vol. 90, pp. 887-893, 2012.
[77]L. Cottet, C. Almeida, N. Naidek, M. Viante, M. Lopes, and N. Debacher, "Adsorption characteristics of montmorillonite clay modified with iron oxide with respect to methylene blue in aqueous media," Applied Clay Science, vol. 95, pp. 25-31, 2014.
[78]B. Hameed, A. M. Din, and A. Ahmad, "Adsorption of methylene blue onto bamboo-based activated carbon: kinetics and equilibrium studies," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 141, pp. 819-825, 2007.
[79]T. Shen, J. Luo, S. Zhang, and X. Luo, "Hierarchically mesostructured MIL-101 metal–organic frameworks with different mineralizing agents for adsorptive removal of methyl orange and methylene blue from aqueous solution," Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, vol .3(2), pp.1372-1383, 2015.
[80]Z. Wei, R. Xing, X. Zhang, S. Liu, H. Yu, and P. Li, "Facile template-free fabrication of hollow nestlike α-Fe2O3 nanostructures for water treatment," ACS applied materials & interfaces, vol. 5, pp. 598-604, 2012.
[81]X. Rong, F. Qiu, J. Qin, H. Zhao, J. Yan, and D. Yang, "A facile hydrothermal synthesis, adsorption kinetics and isotherms to Congo Red azo-dye from aqueous solution of NiO/graphene nanosheets adsorbent," Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 26, pp. 354-363, 6/25/ 2015.
[82]T.-J. Park, S. Sambasivan, D. A. Fischer, W.-S. Yoon, J. A. Misewich, and S. S. Wong, "Electronic structure and chemistry of iron-based metal oxide nanostructured materials: a NEXAFS investigation of BiFeO3, Bi2Fe4O9, α-Fe2O3, γ-Fe2O3, and Fe/Fe3O4," The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 112, pp. 10359-10369, 2008.
[83]J. Tian, P. Tian, G. Ning, H. Pang, Q. Song, H. Cheng, et al., "Synthesis of porous MgAl 2O4 spinel and its superior performance for organic dye adsorption," RSC Advances, vol. 5, pp. 5123-5130, 2015.
[84]J. Hu, Z. Song, L. Chen, H. Yang, J. Li, and R. Richards, "Adsorption properties of MgO (111) nanoplates for the dye pollutants from wastewater," Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, vol. 55, pp. 3742-3748, 2010.
[85]K. Ahmadi, M. Ghaedi, and A. Ansari, "Comparison of nickel doped Zinc Sulfide and/or palladium nanoparticle loaded on activated carbon as efficient adsorbents for kinetic and equilibrium study of removal of Congo Red dye," Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, vol. 136, pp. 1441-1449, 2015.
[86]H.-J. Cui, J.-W. Shi, B. Yuan, and M.-L. Fu, "Synthesis of porous magnetic ferrite nanowires containing Mn and their application in water treatment," Journal of Materials Chemistry A, vol. 1, pp. 5902-5907, 2013.
[87]S. Dawood and T. K. Sen, "Removal of anionic dye Congo red from aqueous solution by raw pine and acid-treated pine cone powder as adsorbent: equilibrium, thermodynamic, kinetics, mechanism and process design," Water research, vol. 46, pp. 1933-1946, 2012.
[88]N. M. Mahmoodi, B. Hayati, H. Bahrami, and M. Arami, "Dye adsorption and desorption properties of Mentha pulegium in single and binary systems," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 122, pp. 1489-1499, 2011.
[89]V. S. Mane and P. V. Babu, "Kinetic and equilibrium studies on the removal of Congo red from aqueous solution using Eucalyptus wood (Eucalyptus globulus) saw dust," Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, vol. 44, pp. 81-88, 2013.
Abstract:
In this thesis Fe3O4, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles and S-doped Fe2O3/C nanocomposite were synthesized by hydrothermal method, and were used as adsorbent for efficient removal of methylene blue and Congo red dyes from water solution. Morphology and structure characterizations were accomplished by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometry. Adsorbent surface functional groups was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).The magnetic properties of the samples were determined by methodsVibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) method .Determination of dyes concentration was accomplished by UV-Vis spectroscopy.
For optimization of dye removal various effective parameters including solution initial pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and initial dye concentration were investigated. For MB adsorption on Fe3O4@C nanoparticles the optimal conditions was pH =10, amount of adsorbent = 10 mg, contact time =60 min, stirring speed =200 rpm and in room temperature), which at this conditions the maximum adsorption capacity was 208.33 mg g-1. For CR adsorption on the S-doped Fe2O3/C magnetic nanocomposite the optimal conditions was pH =5 ,amount of adsorbent = 5 mg ,contact time = 250 min, stirring speed =200 rpm and in room temperature, which at this conditions the maximum adsorption capacity was 270.27mg g-1. The obtained data for MB adsorption was fitted with Longmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms, which the Longmuir had the best fitting (R2=0.996), and for CR adsorption the best fitting was for Longmuir isotherm (R2=0.992). The experimental adsorption data were fitted to pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2=0.999) for MB adsorption and to pseudo-frist order kinetic model (R2=0.990) for CR adsorption. The effect of ionic strength on adsorption capacity was investigated in the presence of Mg(NO3)2, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, NaCl, KCl and Ca(NO3)2 salts, which the results shown that monovalent ions has lower interference on the adsorption of MB and CR.
Keywords: Dye removal, Fe3O4@C nanoparticle, S-doped Fe2O3/C nanocomposite, methylene blue, Congo red
