چكيده به لاتين
Income inequality is a significant issue in Development Economics and the relationship between economic growth and inequity is a classic problem of Economics. The existing data show that social problems indicators such as mental illnesses, life expectancy and infant mortality, obesity, children’s educational performance, youth pregnancy, manslaughter, jail time and social mobility have a high correlation with income inequality in developed countries. The present study tries to identify inequality factors in Iran in its first step and then in the second step to prioritize them. The method to gather data is using a questionnaire and Iranian economics experts consist our statistical society. To analyze data we have applied Structural Equation Modelling and we have used smartPLS software to build the model. The results show that between about 50 variables studied here, some variables such as The share of public investment in the rural areas in education and health sector, Social security policies and protection of vulnerable groups, The system of appointing and monitoring of wages, Social assets, Regional distribution of development funding and The average years of general education have the most impact on inequality determination in Iran respectively. Also from structural variables point of view we can say cultural-social factors, institutional problems, policy making, international affairs and economics structure have the most impact on income inequality in Iran respectively. As a result of this research we can suggest that to improve income distribution in Iran, rural share of public investment in education and health sectors should increase in next years budget bill. Planning is required in order to improve human resources quality in these regions. Financial and legal support from NGOs and social enterprises and preparing a situation for them to work at family and small levels. Stablishing legal procedures to form independent trade associations and give provide permission to work for these associations. Variation in minimum wage for the whole country according to cost of living in different regions. Increasing social activities in different parts of the society. Expanding micro-credit funds and cooperatives. Taking priority for less developed regions rather than other regions in completing unfinished constructional projects. Strengthening supervision on schools and providing a procedure to facilitate complaints and reports of school infractions. Measures to deal with the phenomenon of child labor and their education and at last providing the possibility of free public education for specific groups.
