چكيده به لاتين
In the present study, two different biodiesels have been produced by transesterification of beef tallow and castor oil as two non-edible sources. Different physical properties including viscosity, density, oxidation stability, heat value, cold properties, and flash point have been investigated for different binary and ternary blends of these biodiesels and petrodiesel. It was found that the problems associated with high viscosity of pure castor oil biodiesel (C) and poor cold properties of pure beef tallow biodiesel (B) can be solved by blending. Then, the performance of different blends in terms of engine parameters and emission has been investigated using a single-cylinder air-cooled diesel engine. Different blends including D100, C10, B10, C20, B20, C5B5, C10B10 have been examined in full load condition and different speeds in the range of 1600 to 2800 rpm with 300 rpm step. In average, comparing to petrodiesel, 6.61% decrease in the thermal efficiency was observed using different biodiesel/petrodiesel blends in different engine speeds. The best performance in term of thermal efficiency was related to C5B5 blend. In average, comparing to petrodiesel, 3.67% decrease in the engine power was observed using different biodiesel/petrodiesel blends in different engine speeds. In average, comparing to petrodiesel, 0.7% increase in the engine torque was observed using different biodiesel/petrodiesel blends in different engine speeds. Besides, 19.62% and 8.18% increase in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) were observed for C10B10 and C5B5 in comparison with petrodiesel, respectively. Regarding CO emission, in average, 5.7% decrease in comparison with petrodiesel was observed using different biodiesel/petrodiesel blends in different engine speeds. Regarding CO2 emission, in average, 7.86 % increase in comparison with petrodiesel was observed using different biodiesel/petrodiesel blends in different engine speeds. Regarding hydrocarbon emission, in average, 16.3 % decrease in comparison with petrodiesel was observed using different biodiesel/petrodiesel blends in different engine speeds. Regarding NOx emission, in average, 11.36 % increase in comparison with petrodiesel was observed using different biodiesel/petrodiesel blends in different engine speeds. Considering the results of engine performance and emission tests, C10B10 blend showed the best performance and can be sutiable alternative for petrodiesel.
Keywords: Biodiesel, Castor oil, Beef tallow, Performance test, Emission, Diesel Engine, air cooled
