چكيده به لاتين
One of the most important factors of development is the existence of procedures which facilitate the production. Needed capabilities for manufacturing the goods can be put into three categories: Entities and Laws, Physical Infrastructures, and the Know-How which is deposited in individuals and teams. The need for specific capabilities is not exclusively for producing a certain good, but these capabilities can be used in other goods production and it can be even said decisively that the survival of these capabilities depends on the diverse industries demands from them. On the other hand, producing goods needs some concurrent capabilities. In this situation goods cannot be produced because their needed capabilities are not ready yet and the capabilities which are not welcomed by the manufacturers disappear or never get formed. In this circumstance the countries development procedure faces hardship.
Iran as the case study of this research has opulent natural resources and educated workforces. Nevertheless, with all these resources Iran has dropped behind in development. Analysis of exports shows that Iran has been incapable of exporting goods with high added value and complexity and exactly is exporting goods which are produced by a lot of countries. In this research we benefit from the Product Space theory and with paying attention to product space of Iran and making use of TOPSIS method and Economy Complexity index, some goods are introduced to be supported.
Support of these goods can increase the production capabilities of the country and leads to export diversification. These goods can be categorized into eight groups: Transportation, Machinery / Electrical, Metals, Stone / Glass, Wood and Wood Products, Textiles, Plastics / Rubbers, Chemicals and Allied Industries.
In order to build needed capabilities for export diversification, some policies are presented in this research. In general these policies are: production centralization, encouraging making companies by Spin-off method, creating the environment for technology diffusion from the neighboring countries which own that technology, improving intellectual property rights, and creating local content requirements. By supporting these policies Iran can follow the path of economic growth and development.
Keywords: Product Space, Economy Complexity Theory, Export Diversification, Know-How, TOPSIS Method
