چكيده به لاتين
nowadays, world attention to the development and extension of using new energies as a resource of renewable and clean energy is increased due to energy security crisis followed by mortality of fossil fuels and also Environmental problems caused by the consumption of fossil fuels. Biomass is one of the newest resources in the world which used to generate clear energy. Among the various sources of biomass, the use of waste types such as household wastes, agricultural wastes, animal manure and so on ... is a very attractive option, because in addition to generating clean energy and helping to resolve the energy security crisis, benefits such as waste from wastes, Environmental protection, helping to improve the problem of waste management, etc. There are various processes for converting biogas to electricity, heat or a variety of liquid and gas fuels.
In this research, a multi objective mathematical model is considered for designing global supply chain of converting biomass to energy based on Anaerobic digestion process. Economic and social objective functions deal with maximizing profit and analyzing social positive effects such as Job creation and contribute to economic development, respectively. The output of the process is biogas and fertilizer; the fertilizer is exported out of the country, but biogas is converted into electricity in biogas plants, and it is used to supply the required electricity. Factors of global supply chain including equipment importation, one of the end products exportation, international commercial terms (incoterms) and so on … are considered in the model concerning the applied process structure. Also, because the complex nature of the modern supply chain increases the uncertainty in many of the supply chain parameters, hence the two specific parameters related to the process: the conversion rate of each of the materials to the biogas and the conversion rate of each of the raw materials to fertilizer- And also the yield per hectare of agricultural products, the uncertainty of fuzzy mathematical programming is considered.
In order to examine the performance of proposed model, four counties of four towns of Golestan province are considered as a case study. Finally, the proposed model is solved using a commercial solver (GAMS 24.1.2). The results show that this supply chain will be beneficial in terms of providing a significant portion of domestic electricity consumption in the areas under study, high profitability, significant job creation, and improved economic development.
