چكيده به لاتين
Due to the expiration of fossil fuels and the pollution and damage to the environment, as well as the problems and deficiencies that other sources of energy have, such as wind, hydro, nuclear, etc. using alternative energy sources is essential. In recent years, solar energy has been a source of great interest for a variety of reasons such as cleanliness, availability, and virtually endlessness. The tools for extracting electrical energy from solar radiation are solar cells transforming sunlight into electrical current by the photovoltaic phenomenon. But one of the main challenges of solar cells is photon management to maximize absorption and converting their energy into electrical energy in a solar cell. The high reflection of solar cells due to the use of semiconductor materials with high refractive index in their structure, reduces the solar cells efficiency. In order to reduce the reflection and increase the efficiency, anti-reflective layers are used that have different types. In the present work, the optimization of the moth-eye anti-reflective layer, which consists of spherical arrays with different geometric characteristics and is located on a chalcopyrite thin film solar cell surface, was investigated using computer simulation. For simulation, the Lumerical has been used, which is currently one of the most powerful commercial software in this field and solves the Maxwell equations numerically by FDTD method. the work steps are such that the regular array of spheres of Al:ZnO are placed on the solar cell surface, and the radius, eccentricity, lattice constant, shell thickness and the angle of incidence are changed with certain steps for a wavelength range of 310 to 900 nm, and the reflection coefficient and the relative energy reached to the solar cell active layer have been recorded by changing each of the parameters above. The Comparison of the obtained graphs shows that using ellipticals with radius of 120nm, the lattice constant of 330nm and an eccentricity of 0.7, would, on average, reduce the reflection coefficient to 7% Relative to the surface without anti-reflection coating, and the relative energy reached to the solar cell active layer also increases by 3%.
Keywords: solar cell, anti-reflection coating, computer simulation, Lumerical
