چكيده به لاتين
The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure, micro structure and optical properties of nano particles with hydro thermal synthesized compounds with ternary and Quaternary (Cu, x) (In, y) S2 (x = Ag, y = Al, Co, Fe). From the aluminum additive to improve morphological behavior, an additive of silver was used to improve optical properties. The advantages of this method, other than the other methods, can be stored more energy, simplicity, cheaper prices, more control in the nucleation stage, lower contamination of the final product due to reactions in the closed environment, high reaction speed due to high operating pressure and operating temperature Less pointed in the presence of a suitable solvent. Different parameters for the hydro thermal chemical synthesis method include the type and amount of solvents, the type and amount of complexes, the solvent formation and formation temperature, the temperature and the time of synthesis. The effect of temperature and time parameters and various additive values on the crystalline structure, shape, size and distribution of CuInS2 synthesized particle size as a base composition in this study have been investigated. The effects of process factors on the crystalline structure and optical absorption spectra were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and particle reflection measurement (DRS) test, respectively. The results of the analysis showed that the particles synthesized by the hydro thermal method, using copper chloride salts, indium chloride, aluminum chloride, silver nitrate, cobalt chloride and thiourea in a deionised water solvent, form particles at a temperature of 180, and the soluble composition The solid after 20 hours leads to a crystalline chalcopyrite structure with a multi-type structure for single-phase CuInS2 particles with an average particle size of 20 nm to 35 nm. With the help of the diffraction data, the plates (112), (220) and (312), which at higher angles were chosen due to the greater accuracy of the Bragg relationship, the value of the lattice constant a was equal to 5/52 and c was 11/11. Due to the use of sulfur-rich environments and the ratio of copper and indium to the synthesis of samples, the resulting compound is very likely to be a highly semiconductor of type p. The results of X-ray diffraction show that the copper sulfide (Cu2-xS) side sulfides are present in most of the synthesized, or not synthesized, or least formed compounds. The synthesized nano particles under these conditions absorb in visible regions at 670 nm to 800 nm, which can be related to the chalcopyrite and uterine enzyme phase. Also, the bandgap of 1.54 eV was obtained for synthesized nano particles under the above conditions, which has a suitable fit with theoretical
value and is suitable for making the absorbing layer of the solar cell. Also, the effect of process factors on the crystalline structure and optical absorption spectrum was also investigated for additive samples and the amount of absorption and band gap variations were measured for these samples.
