چكيده به لاتين
Housing and residency always follows the economic, social, cultural and climatic conditions of each region. The pre-fabrication process which emerged seriously in the early 20th century ,and since then it has always been a means of reduction in construction time, increasing quality and lowering costs, especially in the residential sector. Although ,the initial works in this area has been remarkable in the realm of massive housing, and sometimes it has brought many technical and social problems, but now in order to develop and reach the customization, it presents different types of prefabricated residential houses. The main goal of this study is to find solutions that can solve problems related to the disapproval of prefabrication by people and respond to the flexibility factors for creating spatial, visual and aesthetic qualities.
First, studying sources,collecting information about the subject in published books, articles and theses in the field of pre-fabrication and flexibility have been done. Considering the studies in the field of housing construction, the factors of housing construction technology selection were explored and extracted.Then, a questionnaire was prepared for a face-to-face interview or written interview with five faculty members from the University of Science and Technology in the field of technology in order to achieve their priorities in the field of housing construction.So, by analyzing the responses, pre-fabrication which is providing a larger number of construction factors will be a good choice in the residential sector in Iran.
Based on flexible studies in three levels, theories, factors and solutions have been investigated. 7 main categories for flexible theories and 20 flexible housing design factors were developed and a face to face or a written questionnaire interview with seven faculty members from the University of Science and Technology on housing and flexbility was developed. According to experts, the factors narrowed down to 15 . Then, prioritized and important ones were selected.
In the last step, based on the study of about 200 prefabricated buildings and about 200 flexible buildings, a deductive reasoning method was used. Accordingly, flexible solutions and pre-production solutions were found to answer factors extracted from Delphi. Also, In pre-fabrication of structural system "modular", cover system "panel" and service system are in the form of "service podium", "access module" and "modular balconies" were extracted.
In terms of flexibility, "separation of building components", "modulation and regular geometric structure," "movable, sliding, folding partitions," "placement of services and vertical circulation," "the use of similar and alternate elements," "complete openness of plan for user design "," Considering details of structure design and connection between partitions ", give the best response to factors.
Keywords:
Housing, Prefabrication, Flexibility, Delphi
