چكيده به لاتين
Abstract:
The desulfurization process is always one of the most important processes in the oil and gas industry. The presence of sulfur in hydrocarbon streams, in addition to the associated problems in the refining sectors, leads to the production of hazardous gases and acid rain. Due to the stringent environmental regulations for the production of low sulfur fuels, new desulfurization processes have been proposed.The oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process is one of the new desulfurization processes for production of clean fuels. The main advantages of the ODS process in comparison with convention HDS process are mild operating conditions, no need to the hydrogen, and high reactivity of HDS recalcitrant sulfur compounds such thiophenes. Despite the benefits of ODS process, this process faces several important challenges. One of the most important challenge of this process is the management of waste which is rich of sulfone compounds. In the present study, different sulfone management strategies including hydrogenation, coking, gasification and hydrocarbon recovery have been reviewed and compared. Besides, a new strategy which is the addition of waste to the bitumen with other solid waste such as heavy polyethylene waste has been investigated. Experimental design method was applied to investigate the effect of addition of wastes to the properties of bitumen blends including degree of penetration, softening point and weight loss. To study the properties of modified bitumens, bitumen 60/70 was used as a base to add the wastes during experiments. It was found that the sulfone waste can be added to the bitumen as a softener. For example, by adding 2.5 and 1.5% by weight of sulfone solution and heavy polyethylene waste respectively, the softnening point increased from 50 to 55 ° C. Also, the degrees of penetration and weight loss were 61 and 0.34 respectively are acceptable values. The most important advantage of the new method is the removal of two waste materials, which is very important. However, the application of simple processes such as mixing the waste with bitumen can reduce the cost of waste management considerably.
Keywords: Oxidative desulfurization, ultrasound waves, sulfone waste, modified bitumen
