چكيده به لاتين
The importance of energy issue and environmental threats in global level, has made its role clear in spatial planning studies. Energy consumption in the transport sector is rising increasingly and has a severe ecological footprint. Many factors in urban spatial structure affect the energy efficiency of the transport sector, which can be classified into two general categories of physical form and functional characteristics. Urban spatial structure also influences people's traffic behavior such as modal choice, private car ownership, travel purposes, length, and more. This research tries to determine the interaction between measured factors of built environment on transport behavior and its effect on transport energy efficiency at the city level. Descriptive analysis, correlation and comparative method were used in order to achieve the research goals. The data collection method also relies on documentary and library methods and through the acquisition of secondary data. The main case of this study is Tehran. In order to carry out a comparative method and to investigate the relationship between research factors, 105 cities around the world was selected with three criteria of comparability, representability and inclusiveness.
The expansion of Tehran has been happening rapidly and the growth pattern is moving towards greater dispersion, longer accessibility intervals, lower public transport efficiency and consequently greater dependence on private vehicles. Furthermore, exceeding the demographic and environmental capacity of the city and its special socioeconomic conditions have led to a process that made this city an undesirable place in terms of transport energy efficiency. High ownership of private vehicles along with high population density, heterogeneous distribution of socioeconomic classes, low social justice, poor security and immunity of public spaces and poorly distributed urban centers have led to inefficiencies and imbalances in urban transport network.
In this research, firstly, determination of spatial factors influencing urban transport energy efficiency has been considered in order to analyze the relationship between them and urban transport energy efficiency factors. Then the status of Tehran among the selected cities in this regard was investigated and finally, strategies and policies in order to Promoting energy efficiency in urban transportation of Tehran were proposed. Analysis showed that population density, economic indicators and structural indicators of transport network had a greater effect on the changes in the functional components of the transportation system. Also, similar cities to Tehran were identified and were used as a study basis for benchmarking and policy adoption.
