چكيده به لاتين
The application of diesel engine in power generation and transportation sections is dominant in comparison with gasoline engine. However, diesel engines are considered as one of the main sources of emission of pollutants to the environment. The main advantages of this kind of fuels are improvement of combustion efficiency, reduction in NOx and particulate matters emission, and no need to engine retrofit. The main target of the present study was investigation of the performance and emission of a diesel engine using waste fish oil biodiesel/ diesel/ water emulsion fuels, experimentally. The emulsion fuels were prepared through ultrasound irradiation. In the present study, the percentages of biodiesel, water, and surfactant were selected as the main parameters for experimental design. The effect of selected parameters were investigated on the performance and emission of a standard single cylinder diesel engine in 1800 rpm under full load condition. The interaction effect of selected parameters on different responses was studied through response surface methodology (RSM). The best formulation of emulsion fuel was selected through multi-objective optimization considering engine performance and emission. The physic-chemical properties, performance, and emission of the best emulsion fuel (containing 3% biodiesel, 6.13% water, and 1% surfactant) were also compared with the neat diesel fuel in 1800 rpm under full load condition. It was found that the density and kinematic viscosity of the best emulsion fuel increased by 1.57% and 19.48% compared to neat diesel fuel, respectively. 6.33% and 7.86% reduction in torque and brake power and 9.52% increment in the brake specific fuel consumption were also observed for the best emulsion fuel in comparison with the neat diesel fuel. Regarding the exhaust emission, reduction of carbon monoxide (by 42.86%), unburnt hydrocarbon (by 34.02%) , NOx (by 25.53%) was observed for the best emulsion fuel in comparison with the neat diesel fuel which confirms simultaneous decrement of the main pollutants.
Keywords: emulsion fuel, diesel engine, engine performance, exhaust emissions, response surface methodology