چكيده به لاتين
Autism is a complex and complicated behavioral disorder with a neurotic roots that leads to a lack of understanding of the peripheral environment of the individual. 2 The main area of influence of autism disorder is the difficulty in social interactions and the other is the pattern of behavior. But a common disorder among these people is the lack of sense integration that plays a significant role in the process of perceiving the environment around them. The range of autism disorder is one of the most common disorders that affects 1 to 1.5 percent of the world's population. A rapidly growing disorder.
Human being is a living creature that has always tried to communicate with its surroundings to meet its needs and to change it. Evidence suggests that nature involves physical and cognitive benefits for children. The sounds, sights and feelings that are experienced in the natural environment have a therapeutic value; activity in nature reduces stress and children acquire basic skills through being in nature and acting in it. Nevertheless, in many environmental designs, man has not paid much attention to nature and merely meets his needs for design in the design. Biophilic architecture as an appropriate approach refers to the intrinsic bond of man with nature. In the process of this approach, human interference in nature is minimized and will create a constructive relationship between people and nature in modern buildings and landscapes.
Due to the increasing growth of this disorder in society and the fact that human presence in nature is very positive, the need for the connection between these two fields is essential. But the child's autistic perception of the environment is not like the normal child. Perhaps the most common disorder of autistic children is the perception of the coherence of their senses; this makes it hardly possible for them to receive education and social education and perceive the surrounding environment. Here are some questions to ask:
• What aspects of autism affect the nature and activity in it?
• How will the presence in the natural environment enhance the social interaction of children with autism?
• What outdoor activities are helpful in promoting autism children's skills?
The child of autism is heavily influenced by the surrounding environment and therefore it is essential to recognize the criteria that have positive effects in the environment, especially the natural environment. Children who may understand the world differently from us, but like any other child, have the right to education, happiness and livelihood. Unfortunately, in recent years, little research has been conducted on the effects of nature on autism. In this study, we have tried to study the biophilic architecture and autism studies, which features of the natural environment affect the size of the disorder. The results showed that outdoor activity and natural environment have advantages in four main areas that include physical, psychological, social and cognitive benefits; each category is divided into branches.
Keywords: Autism Child, Biophysical Architecture, Natural Environment, Environmental Perception, Design Criteria
