چكيده به لاتين
Polymer composites are commercially important materials that are used in various fields such as thermal insulators, and high performance composites for water and wastewater treatment. In recent years, research on polymer nanocomposites has increased dramatically. One of the most commonly used polymers is polyurethane foam. This group of thermoset materials has been used for thermal insulation due to their specific physical properties including high porosity, good tensile strength and abrasion resistance in various industries.
In the first part of this research, nanocomposites of polyurethane foam containing modified iron oxide nanoparticles (modifiers: urea and triethylene tetramin, (Teta)) were synthesized with different chemical modifiers. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized by SEM, TGA and DMA analysis and the absorption properties of these nanocomposites were investigated. The sound absorption analysis of polyurethane foam nanocomposites showed that with increasing percentage of modified nanoparticles in polyurethane matrix, the absorption coefficient of sound waves increased compared to pure polyurethane foam. In other words, the chemical modification of the surface of the iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles results in better interaction of these nanoparticles with the polyurethane matrix. By increasing the percentage of modified nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, the networking process and porosity of the foam increases and as a result, the absorption coefficient of the sound waves increases.
In the second part of this research, a polyurethane foam nanocomposite containing modified iron oxide nanoparticles (modifier: aminopropyl triethoxy silane, APTES) was prepared and used as a nano-adsorbent to remove heavy metal ions (arsenic) from aqueous solution. An ICP-MS analysis was used to determine the percentage of removal of arsenic ions from aqueous solution. The results of the analysis showed that increasing the time of contacting the nano-adsorption with arsenic solution, the percentage of adsorption increased and the maximum arsenic adsorption was 95% at 4 h. Also, the study of absorption models showed that the absorption process follows Langmuir's absorption model and arsenic removal process from aqueous solution was chemical removing.
Keywords: Polymer nanocomposite, Polyurethane, Foam, Iron Oxide, Arsenic, Water filtration
