چكيده به لاتين
This research seeks to establish a comprehensive model for improving psychosocial support in hospital wards, in which the aspects of the model are designated through the finding of the study in homes and hospital wards. Finding a semantic relationship between aspects of hospital wards’ psychosocial support and aspects of home environment’s support is what this research tends to achieve, and consequently, the innovative idea of “home-like hospital wards” ought to be suggested. The study uses qualitative approach and due to lack of adequate information in comprehensive support models field, and also, no knowledge of Iranian’s perspective toward the subject as well, Grounded theory method has been utilized for data collecting, analyzing and crating model. First, people and environmental sampling with the highest diversity and filtering intervening factors were performed. The study was conducted in two selected residential areas in Tabriz and two types of housing (private house and apartment) and also two hospitals with average qualitative design characteristic with two different types of ward design were carefully chosen. The experimental group in the study comprises 32 participants from residential areas and 28 participants from hospitals. The study has been performed in three stages: first stage in residential areas, second (interview and visual questionnaire) and third stages in selected hospitals. For having a better perspective on the problem and questions, a preliminary research with a smaller experimental group was implemented, and after investigation, the main work started afterwards. Using open coding and axial coding, all data collected from residential areas and hospitals were analyzed and the outputs were put in selective coding stage using convergent triangulation technique, and then, the articulation procedure of the theory and identification of initiators of the comprehensive model started. In the proposed model, the core phenomenon of the study is influenced by four clusters “Terms and Conditions”, “Causes”, “Improvement Strategies” and “Intervening Factors”, and the outcome is the different aspects of participants perceptual well-being. Investigating the aspects of theory model demonstrates that conditions of having a supportive environment are related to “environmental competence in care”, “environmental competence in functional support” and “environmental competence in support of the activity”. These factors affect those identified “Causes” which comprise “familiarity and homey look”, “sensory comfort and tranquility”, “restorative quality” and “beauty and warmth of the environment”.
Identified aspects in “Improvement Strategies” cluster are five items: “sense of control”, “personal links management”, “diversity and difference promotion” in environment, “safety and security” and finally “connection to the outside world”. There are some factors, categorized as “Intervening Factors” cluster, which have impact on all aspects of comprehensive support model and consist of three items: “organizational effectiveness”, “disease effect” and “time effect”.
The final output of this research is a comprehensive model which aims to create hospital wards’ atmosphere in a way that they can simulate familiar homey atmosphere. Moreover, this study succeeded to come up with new guidelines and suggested design principles for policy making process and architectural design decisions. The innovation of this research is in preparing a comprehensive model and framework in the field of supportive environments based on creating “home-like” atmospheres and develop Ulrich's theory of supportive design for wards
Keywords: Support, Psychosocial Support, Healing Environment, Hospital Wards, Sense of Place, Home-like Environment.
