چكيده به لاتين
Abstract:
Today senior's population is daily increasing. According to statistics shown in "Statistical Center of Ir@n", 7 million and 400 thousand which means 9.28 percent of total 79 million population in 2018 were senior people and it's predicted that by 2025 A.D (means 7 years later) this senior population will reach 10 percent and by 2050 (means 32 years later) it will reach more than 30 percent of those days population which makes aging a crucial matter and has to be assumed as a serious concern. In addition to this, WHO statistics also has shown that by 2050, 16 percent of the whole world population of that period will consist of elderly people, which implies the increasing senior population growth concern in world wide range.
Cash withdrawal, transferring money and any kind of financial activities are one of important and necessary daily subjects. In this case, the product in between people and banks is an ATM machine in each city which makes the process of financial affairs simple and is also highly used during a day. But since working with this machine has its own difficulties specially for older people who are in special situation, both from physical and mental aspects, the interpretation of using this machine may turn into an unpleasant and hard communication form. The fundamental problem is the confidence and desire in them to work with ATM. There are many obstacles for an elderly person which causes a distance between this group and the machine. Aging itself, fading five senses, slow analysis speed and of course slower reactions and total body weakness, all create restrictions for an old person to do their activities. The goal of this study is to facilitate this interaction using any kind of design ideas or tools which makes it possible to observe that all people benefit from modern technology and equipment in all ages (legal age).
Current study is arranged with the goal to increase seniors and technologies' communication through development methodology. Focus group, questionnaire, diary study and interview are used as analysis methods and cultural probe, paper prototyping and think aloud protocol has been used as user experimentation methods in UCD tests. By researching in this field, aging factors, ATM change trends, how people relate to them, and the current number and how ATMs work came to the study's concern and each was reviewed by articles related to them. In the entire study, user-centered design approach was involved which was performed in two UCD processes. Results showed that seniors are willing to use technology. Despite usual opinions, in proper quality contexts, they are interested to use ATMs. For achieving certain points in interpreting seniors and understanding what qualities make the way seniors comprehend ATM easier, a UI was designed and presented to them to work with it as a test. At last by designing a device like tablet as a simplifier for elderly and ATM relationship which eliminated the interaction with ATM itself. But in return the transaction desired is previously requested through tablet's new UI and application designed for it. This device which also can be suitable for ordinary young people, as an inclusive design, can create a request of any kind of transaction in bank network and by saving the process in the device, the program of banking works through acceleration network which is entirely secure. This happens in a calmer place with no stress for the old person where they can take help from their relatives for any kind of misunderstanding of the process. When the request is submitted, the user saves the program till they get to an ATM. For example, if the request is a withdrawal, seniors create the request and by confirming it with ATM; means they plan to go out as any usual day and for receiving the money, they just need to insert the credit card an enter the four-digit password. A notification pops up on the screen saying: "You have requested cash withdrawal for 250,000 rials (for example), do you want to receive it now?", the transaction finishes this quickly.
As the result, the old person passes the steps to gain money previously in a more suitable place like home, not stressful ATM kiosk interaction situations, busy streets with noises, complaining people in the row or getting stock in a robbery situation, specially a process which has no pre-learning background (the old process). So, to perform it easier, this device is designed which can become familiar day by day with the information close people can instruct seniors or find it out by themselves working with device in at home and they have as much time as it takes. In other aspects, they can have their normal outgoings and do other chores, because it doesn't interfere with them. In this case, they will be assumed as any other citizens for doing their normal activities in normal duration because the new solution makes user-machine interaction time shorter. Another benefit is that by performing this task in this new way, gradually they get familiar with the old interaction with ATMs and over time, they become independent of everyone and do normal chores like others.
Keywords: Seniors, Interaction with ATM, User-centered design, Inclusive design, Cash, Confidence.
