چكيده به لاتين
With ecological change, the demand for emergency services and relief items to protect people's lives and property and the environment has increased. IRAN is at a high risk level among the countries of the world in terms of the potential for natural disasters. In this study, after reviewing the research literature, analyzing the existing gaps and defining concept of backup facilities and related strategies, an integrated model of these facilities in the field of accommodation and supply is presented in order to increase the reliability of the crisis chain. Then, we introduce the flood crisis in Qom city as a case study and we study and recognize the characteristics and causes of this crisis and the challenges of crisis managers in this city. According to the case study, the occurrence of several crises in short time intervals in different places or long time and continuous in a special region is considered. In such situations, a combination of strategies such as construction, equipment, extra allocation and safety stock is used. In this research, two mathematical models are presented. The first mathematical model is a multi-objective, multi-period and multi-scenario model that locate and allocate facilities in two phases of preparation and response and in two sections of supply and accommodation. In the second model, we reduce the volatility of supply chain costs, by defining CVaR as the objective function and the objective function of the first model, is added to the constraints. In this model, each decision maker can cover a percentage of long-term risks by adopting their own confidence level. This model can also affect the mitigation phase and recovery period by some strategies. In the proposed combined solution approach, first, the location-allocation criteria in the crisis chain are classified based on the solution method of each of them, then The filtered facilities based on their threshold are entered into the mathematical model. So we can consider all the effective criteria and take the less important criteria out of the math model. In this approach, GIS is used for safety criteria based on geographical data. At the end of the research, management solutions based on strategies are proposed that not only solve the problem of facilities location and land acquisition in densely populated areas of central Qom, but also reduce the severity and amount of long-term risks to a significant level with the least cost.
