چكيده به لاتين
The construction industry is one of the most important economic sectors, to which a large part of the capital and resources of each country is allocated annually, but in return for consuming natural resources, it also produces a large amount of waste. Construction waste and demolition due to annual volume increase and destructive environmental effects are considered as one of the major challenges worldwide for the construction industry. In fact, construction waste is the largest waste generation stream in the world (30 to 40% of total solid waste). Given the environmental challenges posed by the current linear economics model of "extraction-production-disposal", the construction industry needs to implement new and advanced buildings with a focus on solving the problem of construction waste and demolition. To this end, cyclical economics was introduced in contrast to the traditional approach of linear economics and in order to avoid its negative effects; this concept is an economic system that aims to minimize waste and maximize the use of resources, this can be done through long-term design, maintenance, repair, reuse, and reproduction and recycling. The manufacturing industry has also been introduced as one of the industries with high potential to support the principles of this approach, including environmentally friendly technologies. This is due to the possibility of reusing construction and demolition waste and other production processes, which reduces costs and ensures the conservation of the material's embodied energy. Numerous researches have been done in the field of cyclical economics in the construction industry and in this direction, a lot of help has been taken from building information modeling, but the issue to be considered in this field is the prevention of waste production in the early stages of the project and when It will be easier for the employer to make decisions and change costs less. Therefore, in this research, the basic concepts and benefits of cyclical economics in comparison with linear economics are presented in a classified manner. Two main parameters for evaluating the project at the end of life and measuring the degree of compliance with cyclical economics are presented, and in this regard, a decision support system is proposed that recycles, reuses and landfills at different ages by materials. Offers. This decision support system helps project stakeholders from the outset to compare and decide on the right materials for a cyclical economy. The results show that in order to select suitable materials for steel structure compared to concrete structure due to the ability to separate components during demolition and also the use of prefabricated components during construction has a higher priority in terms of cyclical economy. So that the separation capability score in steel structure is equal to 0.94 and in concrete structure is equal to 0.57. The closer the score is to one, the higher the possibility of recycling and reusing materials. Also, based on the information extracted from building information modeling and the useful life of each material, the amount of recycling or reuse at different ages is estimated. This estimate is close in steel and concrete structures, but because in the steel range it is possible to use Re-components are prioritized with steel structures, based on which the period at which the structure begins to collapse and the optimal time to rebuild or demolish the project is also introduced.
