چكيده به لاتين
According to a study by the World Health Organization, 5 million people die prematurely every year from air pollution. PM2.5 and MP10 is the most significant pollutants that pose a threat to human health. Long-term inhalation of these particles increases the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory illness and lung cancer. According to annual statistics, 75,000 people in Iran die from these particles which is almost double the standard estimated by the World Health Organization. Therefore, the importance of this issue in terms of recognizing the factors that may affect the additional dispersal of polluting particles; is clear. Based on the studies, three categories of atmospheric factors, architectural morphology and vegetation are general factors that affect the dispersion of particulate matters. Among the causes investigated, in architectural factors, the arrangement of the blocks, the containment and the height of the buildings are among the most important factors. Needless to say, wind velocity as a key factor for dispersing pollutants around the building is directly related to the characteristics mentioned. The results also show that plants can have a positive or negative effect on particle dispersion in terms of morphology and physical structure, as well as their effect on humidity and temperature. In this study, the relationship between vegetation and wind speed and its impact on particle concentration was examined. Using the Envi-Met software, various design scenarios for a residential complex at Mashhad were simulated and studied. The results showed that the effect of plants on particle deposition is far greater than its effect on particle dispersal. in these design scenarios increasing the number of trees in the garden-balconies as well as at the site has little effect on particle dispersion, but increases the particle deposition rate by 38.22 μg / m3 for PM2.5 and 741.37 μg / m3 for PM10. In general, the position of plants in relation to the wind direction has little effect on the dispersion of particulate matter, but plays an important role in their deposition. Also, the location of the garden-balconies in relation to the wind direction showed that the garden-balconies facing the wind were more effective in reducing the accumulation of PM10 and PM2.5 particles.
