چكيده به لاتين
Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the first and the second cause of death worldwide, respectively. So, their diagnosis and treatment methods need to be improved continuously. Nowadays, conventional methods for curing these illnesses are systemic administration, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery; these treatments are invasive, have a toxicity nature, risk of mortality during surgery, and have significant side effects. So, researchers in this field have defined a method to concentrate the drug at the target tissue site. To achieve this, they have proposed different ways, in which one of the most promising ones is to bond the drug agent to a magnetic core and then steer it to the lesion tissue by use of an external magnetic field in the circulatory system; this method is called magnetic drug delivery. In this work, magnetic drug delivery is studied in the carotid bifurcation by using a 3D carotid artery geometry as the model. The velocity and pressure fields are achieved by applying anatomical and physiological boundary conditions like pulsatile blood velocity at the inlet and the Windkessel boundary condition at the outlet pressures to the non-Newtonian blood flow. Then by applying an appropriate magnetic field in the artery domain, by the use of cylindrical permanent magnets, magnetic drug delivery is studied in the Eulerian-Lagrangian frame of reference. By the use of velocity fields results, some other parameters at the wall of the artery, like wall shear stress and oscillatory shear index (OSI), are defined to define a relation between these parameters and magnetic drug delivery. Drug delivery is investigated with and without an external magnetic field by releasing particles of different sizes at the inlet of common carotid artery. As a result, it is shown that different magnets arrangements could change the total number of the particles at each of the internal carotid artery outlets or the external carotid artery outlet. So, by the use of magnetic drug delivery, it has been relived that the total number of particles at the desired outlet could be increased. In contrast, the total number of particles at the unwanted outlet could be decreased simultaneously. It became clear that implanting magnets at places with unidirectional flows is more effective than putting the magnets at places with flow recirculation, so the most effective areas to use a magnet are those which have smaller OSI values.
