چكيده به لاتين
Nowadays, in engineering sciences, especially in construction, finding the best possible economic plan is very important due to limited resources and the need to control consumption. In this study, the optimal design of reinforced concrete foundations, which accounts for a significant part of the construction cost, has been considered by taking into account the requirements of ACI318-13 in two rectangular and circular shapes under the effect of axial load and biaxial bending using PGO, ECO, RO meta-heuristic algorithms. For designing, the mathematical model of Levanus Rojas, is utilized by considering the real soil pressure on the contact surface of the footings. In this study, after the optimal design of reinforced concrete foundation using each algorithm and examining the sensitivity of algorithms to their internal parameters, a comparison has been made between the performance of the three algorithms in terms of optimization ability and execution speed. Then, a comparison is made between the optimal design using meta-heuristic algorithms and conventional design. Finally, the optimality of rectangular and circular foundations under the same load is analyzed by assuming that the cost of concrete, reinforcement, formwork and excavation are the same for both types of foundations. The results show that in all cases the PGO algorithm presents the most optimal design, in which there is little difference from the optimal design provided by the ECBO algorithm. In terms of runtime, the PGO algorithm is faster and more capable. In general, it can be said that the use of PGO and ECBO algorithms provide much better answers in lower analysis time. The results also show that circular footings are more economic than rectangular footings.
