چكيده به لاتين
In recent years, researchers have found that knowledge ties are effective channels for local knowledge spillovers in regions and clusters, but few empirical studies have examined these mechanisms. This study aims to provide empirical evidence at the industrial cluster level about the mechanisms of local knowledge spillovers in an industrial cluster with an engineering-based knowledge base. The present study has tried to provide a more detailed study of the dynamics of the three mechanisms of monitoring, labor mobility, and collaboration by using the geographical theories of evolutionary economic geography and adopting a network approach and social network analysis methodology. This research shows empirically that different types of knowledge ties between firms are present in the industrial cluster and each of them is formed and developed under the influence of different factors (firm-level, dyadic, structure, and other relationships). Considering the findings in the descriptive part and statistical modeling of the network, the following general results can be inferred: The network of collaborations, which includes direct but informal knowledge interactions, can be the most effective mechanism of knowledge spillovers in the studied industrial cluster, but there are several important points about this mechanism: First, the characteristics of the firm and, most importantly, the absorptive capacity of firms have a significant impact on the formation of ties in this network; Second, despite what was initially thought, it is social proximity that drives this network. Relationships in the formal network of clusters (consortiums network) have a significant effect on the formation of ties in this network. In the end, the ties of this network are mostly reciprocal and mutuality has the greatest impact on this network. The labor mobility network, which involves indirect relationships through the recruitment of employees of other firms, has the least knowledge dynamics in the cluster and has little potential to function as a knowledge spillover mechanism. This network has no mutual relationships and factors at the firm level are the only factors that affect the formation of ties in this network. Due to high knowledge dynamics, the monitoring network has good potential as a knowledge spillover mechanism. At the level of firm factors, the absorptive capacity and trans-regional knowledge relations and at the level of dyadic, geographical proximity are among the drivers of this network. The Transitivity also has the most impact on this network. Based on the research findings, some suggestions have been made for industrial firms, industrial clusters, and regional policy.
