چكيده به لاتين
One of the most important parameters of social sustainability is the issue of security and defensing territories by shaping territories and adjusting the boundaries of social integration and segregation to prevent aggression. A house as a personal space and a primary territory has a certain ownership and is defensible. But the environment around the house and the secondary and shared territories between neighbors, due to the uncertainty of their ownership and lack of adequate control over these spaces, suffer from insecurity and criminal behavior. In this field, theories such as defensible space, crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED), safe growth, and theories of territorial behavior have been proposed. In this study, while compiling studies conducted in this field, we have tried to provide an environmental design guideline in order to achieve safe growth and design a neigbourhood in accordance with it by benefiting environmental psychology and behavioral science studies. Our hypothesis is that by associating a group of individuals with each other who own a common territory in proportion to the three spatial hierarchies from domain1 to domain3 all as secondary territory, we can reinforce the territorial behavior. Also, by defining appropriate activities in each domain that leads to the presence of owners, and with the design of visions properly, the natural surveillance will increase. It is expected that these measures will eventually lead to the formation of a safe residential neighbourhood with a social sustainability approach.
The process of this research is designing in accordance with the design guidline and the initial idea in creating a spatial hierarchy from domain1 to domain3 as secondary territory and domain4 as public territory and presenting 4 initial alternatives and then evaluating them to the primary purposed design guideline by using Software analysis and present final design. For this reason, the qualitative and descriptive research method is accompanied by logical conclusions and simulation tools are used. This simulation is based on space syntax theory and UCLDepthmap software and analysis of connectivity, integration, depth, control, controllability, isovist, gate counts and clustering coefficient in 4 alternatives. To develop the design, we analyzed the views in the shell of the facade and used it in the design of the façade, plus analyzing the maximum view of domain3 to the surrounding for landscape design and gathering space using coding in Grasshopper software.
Analyzing these 4 alternatives, it was found that the idea of creating a spatial hierarchy from domain1 to domain4 has been useful, but the form of each domain, whether linear or central, and how they are arranged and connected to each other affect the final result. What is important in the discussion between variables is to increase or decrease the proportional values of each parameter and changing gradually -not skipping - from domain 1 to 4. In the end, it was concluded that alternative 1 had a better performance overall, and eventually the final alternative was presented in accordance with alternative 1, taking advantage of the positive points of other alternatives, and developed in accordance with the context. In the design development and designing the facade, the location of the windows has been placed in the parts with maximum visibility and the form of the bay windows has been used to increase the view of the surrounding environment. Also, in the design of the gathering space in landscape design, it is located in a place of domain3, which has a greater view of the surrounding open environments.
