چكيده به لاتين
One of economical characters in every countries are their civil designs. In evaluation of civil designs are technical engineering which have more clearly. However it is possible other reasons which are not visible, have important role. Also one of reasons which validity foundation of civil designs such as tracks, railway and other projects are based it on that is project engineering and design in terms of contractual and juridical. In this study, considering timing, financial and qulificial effects that contractual contents and clauses have financial and timing goals of project and it is possible these issues get appeared in framing of claims, struggles and legal claims and damages to all of stakeholders. Next railway maintenance contractual risks were collected through 105 risks by using of risk breakdown structure. By noticing of same origion, relation to other projects and integration of these risks, were changed to 37 risks. After that producing questionaries and examples volume identification, was done analytical hierarchy process based on nine people of experters and determined that all of contractual risks of railway maintenance contracts are divided by five indexs which are owner index, contractor index, related contractor and owner index, economical & political index and force majeure & natural index. Finally it was determined that natural & force majeure index was selected as first ranking risk index by achievement of 0.248 grade also by using of AHP method “suspended subjects about compensation of cost related to casualties within natural events”, “not to provide expert person behalf contractor in the practical and inspection subject” and “ambiguous expressing of contractual clauses” were selected as first to third risk sub-index with achievement of 0.046, 0.042 and 0.039 grades. In this research, by using of project management standard and interview with contractual exporter, were predicted suitable management methods for reduction, transmission and deleting of risks, then was identified which transmitting of risk to claim who is sustained and accepted person of risk? Finally it should be said that inconsistency ratio for all of risk sub-index is less than 0.1. this subject shows that results are valid. Based on this study, participation of every main risks: owner risk index, contractor risk index, related owner and contractor risk index, political & economical risk index and natural & force majure risk index come 17%, 23%,21%,14% and 25% respectively. By using of these participating percentage of every risks can achieve Rial cost of every risk index and use them in bid and tender holding system.
