چكيده به لاتين
Childhood is the most important period of human life. House and its immediate environment, the neighborhood, where children spend most of their time, are usually designed based on the needs and pleasures of adults, rather than children; causing worrying changes in children's daily habits and making them more exposed to risks such as depression, obesity, aggressive behavior, asthma, attention disorders, heart diseases, etc. and so put their health at risk. The upcoming research has been done with the aim of "classifying and prioritizing design components in a residential complex that are more effective on children's health". For this purpose, in the first place, by a descriptive-analytical method, components related to the field of "child, environment, and health" were collected, and on the other hand, components of the two fields of "environment and Child" and "Environment and Health" were discussed and then shared. The obtained components were classified into four categories "physical, functional, social, perceptual/semantic". In the following, a survey questionnaire was developed based on the components extracted from the subject literature for 4 groups, consisting of 100 child architects, child psychologists, child parents, and children's teachers. Finally, the most important environmental components of children's health in residential complexes were extracted from the perspective of each of the 4 selected groups by analyzing the answer sheets with the help of Friedman and Shannon tests. The obtained results indicated that safety and security issues are the most important components that should be provided in spatial structures suitable for children. After these two obvious components, it can be said that while architects see play spaces as a platform with educational-social-psychological-cultural functions for children, for parents, sufficient light and being sure about the child's physical development in optimal conditions are important. Psychologists also seek to expand children's bond with their peers and strengthen their interactions with others (in order to achieve basic life skills and achieve independence in self-management), and teachers, just like parents, are concerned about providing enough light for the child's early development.
