چكيده به لاتين
The collision of the train with road users is always one of the main safety concerns in level crossings and the second cause of death in railway accidents, which offenders usually cause. It means level crossing accidents may occur when road users violate safety rules. This study seeks to increase the safety of level crossings by using mathematical modeling for road users' violations as well as appropriate corrective measures that improve the safety of the level crossings. This article aims to identify the significant factors in road users' violations in the level crossings controlled by traffic controller and gates. Violation data of all road users except passenger vehicles were collected using surveillance cameras installed in a real case study for about three weeks for twenty-four hours a day. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), two models were developed to identify a) factors affecting the time of violations, especially for the dangerous passage of users when the train is close to the level crossing b) factors affecting their immediate passage. The results of the first model show that the reduction in the time of road users' violations until the train arrives has a significant correlation with the type of user, gender, violations with group, gate conditions, event duration, and their immediate passage. In such a way, pedestrians, especially men, primarily alone, in a situation where the gates of the level crossing are both closed and even when the event duration is for a short time, have had their dangerous passage along with not crossing immediately. Also, in the second model, the factors affecting immediate passage have a significant correlation with the type of users, gender, age, time of violation, gate conditions, and event duration. It states that pedestrians, especially men, in adulthood and when the gates are open and the level crossing is closed for a short time, along with a more immediate passage for them. Due to the high number of user violations, it would be best to use barricades that prevent people from passing under them and block the open paths next to the barriers with fences to prevent users from passing immediately.
