چكيده به لاتين
Today, Building Information Modeling has become one of the newest and most innovative technologies in the construction industry, the application of which offers different and more integrated work processes than traditional approaches. Successful implementation of the BIM process at the level of organizations and projects in the construction industry faces various challenges and obstacles that can be very useful to identify and be aware of. Also, strengthening the potentials in the organization and the drivers of BIM process implementation can lead to better planning in this field.
Since 2018 and with the efforts made by the researchers of the Iran University of Science and Technology, the implementation of the BIM process has been on the agenda of the Chabahar Free Zone Organization. In this regard, the research working group of the university developed standards and guidelines for the implementation of this process at the level of this organization. At the same time as the upstream documents were compiled for the construction of the central office building of the organization with an area of 20,000 square meters as a pilot project, in order to implement the BIM process in the organization, a set of BIM process applications were applied in the design and construction phases of the project.
According to the experiences gained, the purpose of this research is to identify the set of barriers and drivers for the implementation of the BIM process in the Chabahar Free Zone Organization. Studies have been conducted in the field of identifying drivers and obstacles to the implementation of the BIM process at the level of some national and international organizations. A detailed examination of these factors shows the existence of some interactions and connections and their influence on each other. In such a way that the occurrence of one factor leads to the intensification of the probability of the occurrence of another factor. The existence of these complex causal relationships has made it difficult to identify the root causes. Few studies have been conducted in the field of investigating and analyzing the driving factors and barriers to the implementation of the BIM process at the level of organizations, considering the interactions and causal relationships between them. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the causal relationships between the barriers and drivers of BIM implementation at the level of the Chabahar Free Zone organization based on the years of experience of the research group of the Iran University of Science and Technology.
Fuzzy cognitive maps have been used in order to create and analyze the causal model of obstacles and drivers of BIM process implementation. Fuzzy Cognitive Maps is one of the tools of cognitive analysis that combines the features of Fuzzy Logic and Artificial Neural Networks, as an efficient inference engine, capable of qualitative and quantitative modeling of complex causal relationships. For this purpose, at first, the most important obstacles and drivers of BIM process implementation at the organization level were identified based on the opinion of experts. In the next step, the causal relationships between each of the factors and the extent of their influence on each other were quantitatively determined using fuzzy linguistic statements and based on the opinion of experts, and the matrix of the influence of the factors on each other was formed. Finally, the influence of stimulating factors and obstacles on each other was dynamically analyzed based on the fuzzy inference rules in the FCM model and the ranking of the factors was identified based on their influence.
Based on the results of the dynamic analysis of the FCM model, the five challenges that have the greatest impact are: "the low level of knowledge of some consultants and project designers about the BIM approach and designing projects with traditional approaches", "lack of manpower" A human expert in the field of BIM at the organization and regional level", "Lack of project financing by the employer", "Lack of previous internal organizational experience regarding the implementation of the BIM process" and "Low level of maturity of project management in the headquarters units of the organization".
Also, the five stimuli that have the greatest effect are: "Increasing the level of awareness and creating a sense of confidence in managers, organization experts and human resources, consultants and contractors about the benefits of implementing the BIM process", "Using previous experiences gained in the country." In order to reduce attempts and errors in the implementation of the BIM process at the level of the organization and project", "The support of the Free Zones Secretariat of the country from the implementation of the BIM process at the level of the regions", "Implementation of the BIM process in case projects of the organization and gaining experience", " The existence of a project management consultant company in the organization with sufficient knowledge and information about the benefits of implementing the BIM process.
