چكيده به لاتين
The concept of biophilia, which means human’s inherent desire for nature, is not a new issue and this desire began to develop when humans encountered natural forces, not man-made ones, and adapted themselves to them. However, in the modern era people assumed themselves independent from nature and kept themselves away from it and caused irrecoverable damage to the environment and future generations’ lives. Now, after observing the damage inflicted on humans’ health and well-being, the humans have invented an approach by which they could build a new connection between human and nature in the built environment in which they spent 90 percent of their time and nature. Because of this, biophilic design has received much attention in recent years as a design method capable of taking advantage of the interaction between human and nature. This method is also considered as a means to help bridge the gap between human and nature. Hospitals, as healthcare facilities, are among those built environments. In recent years, attitudes towards treatment centers have changed, and hospitals are now seen as a place of relief, recovery and rehabilitation rather than a place of death, and health is considered not only the lack of illness or injury but also the achievement of complete physical, mental, and social health and is considered one of the human’s basic rights. Thus, applying biophilic approach in hospitals seems to be necessary. Since biophilic is a concept that arose in the West, and favorable climate, water, and green spaces exist there abundantly, applying this approach in a hot and dry climate is open to question, and solutions for compatibility of this approach with the native architecture of the region have been provided. Therefore, goal of this research was to make the biophilic approach come true in hospitals in desert regions and thereby reduce the gap between scientific researches and practical solutions. This applied qualitative research followed a descriptive analytical approach. the information was gathered by the study of library sources and documents and the content analysis. The results were generally obtained by deductive and inductive reasoning. Initially, books and authentic review and research articles of scientific journals by searching in accessible information databases, search engines, websites identified, and by studying, translating and investigating the materials, the required information was gathered. Then, through analysis, reasoning and comparative comparison of the gathered information and investigation of case studies, research results obtained. Obtaining a single list of biophilic patterns and their design methods, Obtaining biophilic design solutions in hospital through analysis of case studies at the levels of the whole project, patients room, inpatient ward, and lobby are the achievements of this research. Through comparative comparison of biophilic design patterns with design solutions compatible with hot and dry climate, it was determined that the design compatible with hot and dry climate is a subset of biophilic design not only because of connection with place (i.e. geographic, cultural, and historical connection with place) but also because of the fact that many of the solutions may have a reason associated with the climate, but these solutions lead also to biophilic qualities.
