چكيده به لاتين
Considering that the problems caused by fossil fuels and the pollution caused by it cause an increase in pollutants and there is a need to control them, therefore, architects related to the field of sustainability are trying to reduce energy consumption by using new systems. Help in the building. Schools, as one of the most important places where children and teenagers grow up and can communicate with their peers and find their creativity and talents, play an important role in their lives and behavior. These schools are designed with the aim of creating a sense of participation and cooperation among students to achieve a sustainable future. The design of the school with the approach of reducing energy consumption in order to educate and save energy resources encourages students to preserve the environment and climate. Meanwhile, the use of static systems to meet the needs of heating, cooling and lighting in the building helps to advance this goal. In static architecture, the effort is to achieve thermal comfort and comfort in the interior naturally. The use of these systems in building is not a new issue and they were used in the design since the distant past. By receiving sunlight and storing it, these systems can distribute it throughout the day and should be designed in such a way that they can produce optimal energy. These systems are one of the most efficient methods that consider the thermal needs of the building without using fossil energy and with the benefit of renewable energy sources. One of the most important advantages of using these systems is compatibility with the environment, reducing the use of fossil fuels and environmental effects. One of the important factors in school design is the proper use of daylight. Because according to the conducted research, the intensity and amount of daylight helps the students to attend the class with more concentration and the quality of light is one of the important and influencing factors on the efficiency and performance of the students and this causes to reduce the amount of stress and tension in them. Also, being in an environment with natural daylight, in addition to increasing performance and efficiency, also helps to maintain the health of the body. Because the nature of daylight varies according to the climate and weather conditions, so this nature of daylight can have a significant impact on the design of schools. Among these systems that help to receive daylight is the Trombe wall system, which we discussed in this article. This wall is a system for storing solar energy, which is placed on the south side of the wall, and because its color is dark, it can play a greater role in absorbing light. In this research, the Trombe wall is designed for use in winter and for the purpose of heating the environment, and it is modeled according to the results of daylight and energy. In this research, by using the simulation method and Design Builder software, the daylight and energy output has been taken by examining classrooms of the same size of 60 meters and for 20 people. For each mode, the daylight output was first taken for the samples without canopy, and in each mode, we only changed the size of the window to reach the appropriate level of sufficiency and glare. But because the results without the canopy were different from the intended result, the same samples were designed again with the canopy and the daylight output was taken for them. By examining all the samples according to the design of different models and obtaining the daylight and energy outputs, finally the final model for the design was created by simulating the Trombe wall at a distance of 1.20 meters from the ground and the window designed for class 20 Centimeters higher than the trombe wall and designed to get better results of daylight and energy for awning windows and louvres.
