چكيده به لاتين
Cities, as the most important platform for social interaction among citizens, play a significant and fundamental role in the spread of epidemic diseases. The main concern and issue of the current research is the role of urban design in creating a healthy and safe platform to preserve the life of the city in particular. Although the knowledge of urban planning has tried to provide efficient responses to various challenges so far, it seems that the importance of addressing this issue and providing design and planning solutions for this matter was neglected before the COVID-19 pandemic era. The direct relationship of citizens with public spaces, as one of the most important parts of the city, has a fundamental impact on their physical and mental health, and if they are changed, the public health of citizens will also undergo changes. The current research aims to find out the role of urban design during the epidemic crisis and the requirements for designing healthy public places during an epidemic. Ekbatan town, as a modern residential complex that includes different types of public open spaces that are continuously used by residents and sometimes other citizens, has formed a lively platform for social interactions. The residents of Ekbatan have always expressed their dependence and belonging to these places in various ways. During the Corona epidemic era, this town was one of the areas that showed its social solidarity in various ways, such as by singing anthems, playing music throughout the windows, and doing physical activities on the terraces and behind the windows during the quarantine. According to the points mentioned, this neighborhood sounds like a good option for the case study. Thus, this research has three goals: to explain and identify the role of urban design on the spread of the epidemic and the health of citizens; to explain the requirements of designing a healthy environment in public spaces in order to provide solutions to prevent the epidemic; and to redesign public spaces in the second phase of Ekbatan. In conclusion, the results show that spatial qualities such as flexibility and transformability, integration, inclusiveness, self-sufficiency, safety and security, and walkability affect the design of healthy public places. It is necessary to form an integrated system at the executive and managerial levels In order to continue the life of public places in epidemic crises and gain the trust of citizens to return to public places after the epidemic. One of the most important achievements of this research is the necessity of allocating enough open space per capita to every citizen, because creating a connected and linked network of public spaces has a significant impact on the mental and physical health of citizens in crisis and under normal conditions.
