چكيده به لاتين
Housing has been a fundamental human need from the beginning of human life until now, so eliminating housing poverty and providing housing for vulnerable groups have always been part of government agendas. Rapid population growth, urbanization, and the mismatch between financial facilities and housing prices have led to the formation of residential patterns where human dignity is often overlooked and it is designed with areas over the culture of that society and city. Furthermore, in the process of urban development, urban sprawl often continues beyond the city limits, while the core of the city is neglected despite having the necessary infrastructure and deteriorates. On the other hand, the ideal housing size varies depending on people's purchasing power and local cultural, economic, and social factors in various cities in Iran. Therefore, the goal of this research is to achieve an optimal housing size that not only meets the necessary quality standards but also aligns with the supply and demand of the people. This can address the ongoing challenge and issue faced by architects in designing housing for low-income groups and initial settlements. The city of Yazd, with its valuable historical background and significant fabric, which has been listed as a World Heritage Site, is no exception to this issue. The research methodology is descriptive-analytical and consists of several stages and steps, culminating in a summary. Initially, a comprehensive study of housing patterns for low-income groups and global and Iranian experiences was conducted. Then, the incremental development approach was examined as a suitable solution for revitalizing the deteriorated fabric and addressing the development issue. Subsequently, the current housing situation in Yazd was determined based on statistical documents and GIS maps, and the level of housing supply and demand at the city level was extracted based on the economic division of neighborhoods. Two similar residential complexes were studied as case studies, and then, using semi-structured interviews with 13 residents of a neighboring desert residential complex and 31 residents of Sheikhdad as pilot study samples, the components related to optimal housing were extracted. Based on this, a questionnaire was developed in Likert and multiple-choice formats. As a result of the analysis of the data set, a range of areas with the highest frequency at each stage is determined, and by comparing them, achieving an optimal and suitable final area pattern is made possible, which can meet the housing needs of low-income groups and revitalize the mentioned sections in the deteriorated fabric. An area range of 86-125 square meters has been selected as the preferred range, which, while considering the components derived from the research method, provides the possibility of designing quality and optimal housing units. Additionally, due to the selection of Yazd as the design location, the lifestyle, culture, and other factors of the people will be fully integrated into the obtained optimal area pattern.
