چكيده به لاتين
Urban spaces have always been crucial elements of a city throughout human history. The concept of urban space extends beyond a typical area in such a way that, in addition to the general characteristics of a space, it includes aesthetic, cognitive, and complex economic and social values. The existence of urban spaces alone cannot make cities livable; instead, they must possess features and criteria that contribute to the desirability of these spaces. The desirability of an urban space requires simultaneous attention to both physical and non-physical factors, encompassing both the physical environment and content. In this way, citizens not only engage in obligatory activities but also tend to spend time in these spaces, establish social interactions, and enjoy recreational activities.
Traditional bazaars were once vibrant public spaces in cities and played a crucial role in social and political transformations. In addition to being a commercial space, as an urban space, the bazaars served various functions for the city. Functions such as a gathering place for social events, celebrations, a place for trade and commerce, a focal point for protests and strikes, a platform for disseminating information, and a place for social interactions.
Over time and in the transition from tradition to modernity, the form and concept of bazaars in cities have undergone changes, and currently, the function of these spaces as an urban space has diminished. Nowadays, these spaces have given way to malls and multi-purpose commercial centers. With the increasing growth of malls, people's preferences have changed, and citizens welcome these large-scale complexes.
Kafashha Bazaar, by incorporating various elements and functions, is considered as one of the significant bazaars within the grand bazaar of Tehran. In this study, it has been examined as a case study in comparison with Kourosh Mall. Kourosh Mall is a thriving commercial complex with various functions in the city of Tehran.
The present research aims to compare the desirability of malls and traditional bazaars as an urban space, seeking to provide solutions for enhancing the desirability of urban spaces in both malls and traditional bazaars. This research is classified as applied research in terms of objectives and descriptive-analytical and survey research in terms of methodology. The research data is collected through the study of documents, library resources, observation, photography, questionnaires. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are utilized for data analysis. Each of the research indicators, extracted from theoretical concept, is examined descriptively and comparatively in two case studies.
The questionnaire data is analyzed using statistical tests such as the one-sample T-test and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results indicate that, according to users' opinions, some indicators are considered desirable in Kourosh Mall, while others are preferred in Kafash Bazaar. However, overall, it can be concluded that in Koroush Mall the indicators about convenience and in Kafashha bazaar the indicators about environmental perception are considered as the most desirable ones. Finally, solutions are proposed to enhance the desirability of malls and traditional bazaars, with the hope that their implementation will contribute to creating more desirable urban spaces.
