چكيده به لاتين
In recent decades, the growth and expansion of metropolitan areas in the world has increased spatial flows within these areas, and this has caused a physical and temporal distance between people's place of residence and employment. Therefore, people are forced to make daily trips and commute between jobs and housing. The job- housing imbalance leads to many problems and consequences such as traffic congestion, air pollution, increased travel time, reduced quality of life, social damage and reduced productivity in metropolitan areas. In facing these problems, researchers have examined jobs-housing balance from various aspects and studied the effect of various components. However, there is a conflict of opinions regarding the desirability and effect of job-housing balance on the problems and dilemmas of metropolises, as well as the factors affecting it. Therefore, this research tries to study the jobs-housing balance in Tehran province. In this regard, after presenting the concepts and definitions of jobs-housing balance, it describes the effective forces, the effects caused by it and the conflict of opinions raised in this field. In the following, different methods of quantifying balance, typology of imbalance, the impact of urban growth patterns and balancing approaches to the jobs-housing system are studied and global experiences in this field are examined. Then, with the descriptive-analytical research method and with the help of quantitative techniques, the jobs-housing balance in two time periods of 1394 and 1400 and the developments between these two periods are analyzed with flow analysis and trend analysis. For this purpose, the origin-destination data of business trips in the years 1394 and 140which were extracted respectively from the statistics of the comprehensive transportation plan and mobile phone metadata. The results of the research show that the greatest increase in the share of travel during the investigated time period is related to the business travel flow of Quds-Tehran, Ray-Tehran and Shemiranat-Tehran, and the greatest decrease in the share of travel is related to the trips Tehran-Shahriar and Shahriar-Tehran. In general, we can conclude that the flows of accommodation and employment in some cities and axes are not concentrated in only one direction, and reverse flows are also observed; Therefore, factors other than the numerical jobs-housing balance have caused a gap between people's residence and activities. On the other hand, between 1394 and 1400, the concentration of flows has decreased and the flows have become more scattered throughout the region, which means that the region is more connected during the 6-year period. Finally, according to the obtained results, a strategic plan is presented to jobs-housing balance in Tehran province.
