چكيده به لاتين
Due to social responsibilities toward society, justice, and human dignity in transportation, and a high share of transportation expenditures in people’s incomes, special attention should be paid to these expenditures’ share in people’s income, especially for low-income households. So this study sheds light on estimating transportation costs for low-income households. For this purpose, the results of household income and expenditure statistics by the Iran Statistics Center, and random questioning of 420 low-income households have been used.
In the present study, by analyzing the data of the Iran Statistics Center, the income, expenditures, vehicle ownership, and transportation costs share in household income and expenditure based on people's income deciles in the years 1390, 1395, and 1400 are analyzed. In the analysis of the data collected by the questionnaire, the characteristics of the household and individuals, income, expenditures, vehicle ownership, mod, purpose, and cost of inner and outer-city travels, accidents and their effects, and transportation costs share in low-income households income have been discussed.
Based on the results, the ratio of motorcycle to car ownership is higher in low-income households, so that it reaches from 50% in the first decile to 10% in the tenth decile; On the other hand, their cars are often unsafe and with high performance. In general, the rate of daily trips in these households is lower than the rate of daily city trips. The most common travel mode used by low-income households is walking with a share of 54% of all travel, the main reason for this is the inability to pay the fare and they tend to use free transportation. They have very few outer city travel for entertainment purposes and mainly use the bus for outer city travel due to its lower cost.
Transportation costs are the fourth main and biggest cost of these households and with the increase in their income, the amount of transportation costs has increased and its income share has decreased. The occurrence of accidents in low-income households has led to a sharp drop in welfare in 83% of households and a decrease in food and family income, which imposes a lot of costs on them. In the end, methods and suggestions have been presented to implement justice and improve the transportation situation of low-income households.
