چكيده به لاتين
In the last few decades, the environmental effects of buildings have become one of the main concerns, because a major part of natural resources such as raw materials and energy resources are consumed by the building sector in the stages of construction, operation, maintenance and demolition. Globally, about 32% of natural resources are consumed in the construction industry. Also, on a global scale, 25% of water consumption, 40% of energy consumption, 12% of land use, 25% of solid waste production and 35% of greenhouse gases emissions are attributed to this industry. After water, construction materials are the second most consumed materials in the world. Concrete is the most consumed building material with an annual production of 25 billion tons. Concrete is the source of 2.1 billion tons of global human carbon dioxide emissions, and a major part of these emissions is caused by the production of cement clinker. Therefore, to improve resource efficiency, reduce greenhouse gases emissions, and reduce the need for industrial waste landfills, green concrete mixes have been developed and evaluated.
In this study, using the life cycle assessment method (LCA) to evaluate the environment of the production of 21 green concrete mixes and evaluate the different scenarios of Prokon-Ekon central building, which is a leader in the energy and environmental design of platinum-certified green buildings located in Kahramankazan, Ankara - Turkey has been treated with these 21 green concrete mixes. The mixing plan of each cubic meter of the mentioned concrete was carried out based on the library study of related articles and the collection of information from consulting companies. After the listing stage, the information related to the concrete samples and the central building of Prokon-Ekon was entered into the Simapro 8.1 software, and other required information was obtained from the Ecoinvent database. In this study, the allocation of the resulting system model is avoided, and the considered result was used for both green concrete mixtures and construction scenarios. CML-1A5 base effect evaluation method was chosen for this study. In 11 categories, the effect of green concrete and control concrete was investigated.
The results showed that the greatest effect on the impact categories of concrete components belongs to cement, to the point where the least effect on the global warming potential index was observed for mix-12, where the amount of Portland cement consumed is the lowest among other mixes. Compared to the control concrete mix, we concluded that approximately 58.45% reduction in impact on global warming potential index is achieved by producing mix 12. In addition, the use of recycled aggregates and the use of plasticizer (due to the small mass) causes a decrease in the impact categories until the production of mix-15 instead of the control concrete mix, 45.32%, 48.17% , 53.57% and 50.42% lower impact can be obtained for the indicators of ODP-FATEP-AP-EP. And by using mix-17 instead of the control concrete mix, it reduced by 58, 77 and 105% for indicators of reduction of ADP (fossil fuel), HTP and POCP.
