چكيده به لاتين
Noise, meaning any unwanted sound in different environments, can cause disruptions in the work process and physical and psychological effects on humans. The topic of hospital noise was first raised in 1851 by Florence Nightingale. He considers the presence of noise on the patient's bed as the greatest suffering inflicted on the patient. After that, over the years, there have been many studies on noise in different parts of the hospital, all of which indicate that the noise level in the hospital is high. As one of the sensitive departments in the hospital, the intensive care unit has been the focus of researchers over the years, and it is one of the departments where many studies have been conducted on its acoustic conditions. The results of the studies indicate that the noise level in the intensive care unit has increased from 57 dB in 1960 to 72 dB in 2005. Also, in 2012, a review study introduced the noise level in the intensive care unit as 85.15 dB, and another study introduced the noise level in the intensive care unit as 66 dB. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a standard noise level of 35 decibels for the day, and topic 18 of Iran's National Building Regulations also suggests a noise level of 35 decibels and a 1.2 second reduction time for the special care department. does But in most of the studies conducted, the sound pressure level in the intensive care unit was much higher than the recommended standards. To evaluate noise in this thesis, five methods of systematic review research, historical-descriptive research, case study, field research method and simulation research method have been used. At first, two special care units from two different hospitals were selected as study samples. Then the desired acoustic parameters were measured by sound measuring devices such as sound meter, omnidirectional microphone, speaker, etc. Finally, by means of ODEON software version 2016, the designs made on the two studied samples were acoustically simulated. To reduce the level of noise in the intensive care unit, using one parameter alone is not the answer. It can be said that in the first step, acoustic considerations should be made in the design of the space of the department, and in the second step, accuracy in the use of appropriate materials and materials is very important, and finally, the use of noise reduction approaches through management measures and behavior modification must be done.
