محيا چشمه نور

Daylight illuminance is necessary not only for visual activities but also for many non-visual mechanisms of the body, such as regulating the body's sleep-wake cycle and the melatonin hormone, reducing sleepiness, and increasing al‎e‎rtness. According to the statistics, many students experience sleepiness and lack of al‎e‎rtness, especially at the beginning of the morning. The proper design of the classroom can help to solve this problem in addition to taking advantage of the positive biological effects of daylight. The current study employs the simulation method by using Climate Studio and ALFA software (Rhino plugins) to examine effective design factors such as class plan geometry, window-to-wall ratio (WWR), and the reflection coefficient of the wall surfaces in the days of minimum and maximum solar radiation. The goal is to determine the most optimal solution that will provide adequate photopic illuminance and melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (M-EDI) with the least glare for elementary school students in Tehran. Accordingly, three types of classroom plan geometry (north-south rectangle, east-west rectangle, and square) with five WWR values (20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%) and five types of wall reflection coefficients (45%, 50%, 60%, 75%, and 80%) were simulated in four critical times (8 a.m. and 12 p.m. on June 5 and January 11) for the city of Tehran. The results show that in the east-west rectangle WWR 40% with a reflection coefficient of 75% for the internal walls, in the square geometry WWR 30% with a reflection coefficient of 75%, and in the north-south rectangle WWR 40% with a reflection coefficient of 80% can provide sufficient photopic illuminance and M-EDI. According to the findings, M-EDI is significantly affected by changes in WWR and the reflection coefficient of wall surfaces in all geometries. Additionally, increasing M-EDI and photopic illuminance are more affected by increasing WWR rather than the reflection coefficient of wall surfaces. In most investigated cases, the increase in WWR shows a stronger relation with rising M-EDI than photopic illuminance. Also, the plan geometries have a different effect on the increase of M-EDI and photopic illuminance based on the performance of the reflection coefficient and WWR. East-west rectangle and square are the most appropriate geometries for the classroom plans.

كلاس درس , نور روز , روشنايي نور روز معادل ملانوپيك , هندسه پلان , نسبت مساحت پنجره به ديوار (WWR)

Classroom , Daylight , Melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance , Plan geometry , Window-to-wall ratio (WWR)

Mahya Cheshmeh Noor

Dr. Seyed-Abbas Yazdanfar - Dr. Fatemeh Mehdizadeh Saradj