چكيده به لاتين
Proper daylighting is critical in designing library study spaces for prolonged reading and writing activities. Effective daylighting enhances visual comfort and user well-being while also reducing energy consumption. However, excessive light can cause glare, overheating, and discomfort, challenging thermal and visual comfort maintenance. Consequently, designing effective daylight control systems is essential. This study aims to optimize daylighting, energy consumption, visual comfort, and thermal comfort in a study hall using two main approaches: the design of parametric diffusers for the atrium roof and the optimization of architectural variables within the study hall. The research is conducted in two phases; (1)In the first phase, daylight performance, thermal comfort, and energy efficiency were assessed and improved in the central library study hall at Iran University of Science and Technology in Tehran. This study hall was evaluated as a case study with daylight field measurements taken at 9 a.m., 12 p.m., and 3 p.m. for validation. This phase includes an analysis of current conditions, enhancements via parametric diffusers on the atrium roof, and the adaptation of solutions from Tehran’s climate to Hamadan’s through re-optimization, (2) The second phase focuses on improving daylighting, reducing glare, and enhancing energy and thermal comfort in a standard study hall model representative of public library spaces in Hamadan. The building model was created in Rhino using the Grasshopper plugin, with simulations and optimizations carried out using the Ladybug, Honeybee, and Wallacei plugins, alongside a non-dominated genetic algorithm. Independent variables in louver design included orientation, spacing, depth, axial angle, placement, and light reflection factor, while architectural variables in the study hall included window orientation, angle between the window wall and horizontal plane, window height, window-to-wall ratio, height of windows from the floor, and the number of windows. Dependent variables in both phases included Useful Daylight Illuminance, Daylight Autonomy, Annual Sunlight Exposure, Glare Autonomy, Spatial Glare Autonomy, Daylight Glare Probability, total energy consumption, energy required for cooling and heating, and thermal comfort. A two-phase optimization process was used for each phase, exploring 1,500 solutions per phase. From these, 14 and 5 solutions were selected for the Pareto front in the first and second phases, respectively, with two solutions from each phase chosen as optimal. The findings indicate that in the first phase, adding shading devices to the atrium roof effectively reduced glare, lowered energy consumption, and improved both useful daylight and thermal comfort. The models proposed in the second phase successfully minimized energy use while maximizing useful daylight, thermal comfort, and visual comfort, offering designers optimal solutions for study hall environments.
