چكيده به لاتين
In this study, the objective is to enhance the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells by utilizing a photoanode composite made from reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and silver through a solvothermal method. Initially, graphene oxide (GO) was structurally characterized using Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and its reduction potential to rGO was assessed. Subsequently, titanium dioxide (TiO2) powder in the anatase phase was synthesized using titanium butoxide (TBO) as a precursor in an autoclave at 180 degrees Celsius for six hours. The structural analysis was conducted via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).To evaluate suitable adhesives for coating on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, three polymers were tested: polyvinylpyrrolidone with a molecular weight of 20,000, polyethylene glycol 200, and polyethylene glycol 20,000. The optimal adhesive identified was polyethylene glycol 20,000, which yielded a cell efficiency of 4.34% as determined by current-voltage testing using a solar cell simulator. Further, rGO was incorporated in varying weight percentages (0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 5%), revealing that the optimal rGO content for efficiency was 1% (5.03%). Silver was then added to the TiO2/rGO nanocomposite in percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3%, with the highest cell efficiency of 6.3% achieved at 2% silver weight. Additionally, to investigate the direct effect of silver without rGO, silver was added in percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3% to the photoanode, yielding an optimal efficiency of 5.2% for the cell containing 1% silver.For optical property assessment, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, dynamic reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy were employed. Electrical properties were analyzed through solar cell simulator testing (I-V test) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
