Studying the Factors Affecting the Suspension of Functionalized Carbon Black on Copper an‎d Investigating its Anode on Charge-Discharge Behavior of Batteries

1/1/1900 12:00:00 AM

Lithium-ion batteries represent a critical energy storage technology, with anode materials being a primary focus of recent research efforts. While carbon nanotubes an‎d graphene have been extensively studied as anode can‎didates, carbon black offers special advantages including low cost, easy availability, an‎d structural properties. However, limitations such as low ionic conductivity an‎d the potential for side reactions have challenged the performance of this material. One method to reduce these limitations an‎d improve performance is chemical functionalization of carbon black using strong acids an‎d bases. In this study, the effect of chemical functionalization on the performance of carbon black was investigated in two parts. In the first part, functionalization was performed using nitric, sulfuric, an‎d phosphoric acids under identical conditions (temperature of 100°C an‎d duration of 9 hours). Subsequently, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, nitrogen gas adsorption-desorption analysis, zeta potential measurement, an‎d scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted on both functionalized an‎d unfunctionalized samples. Coin cells were then assembled from each sample, an‎d galvanostatic charge-discharge testing at both constant an‎d variable current rates, as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were carried out. The sample functionalized with phosphoric acid showed the best performance in this part, with specific capacities of 979.63, 1327.61, an‎d 1345.27 mAh/g in the first, twentieth, an‎d fortieth cycles (0.5C rate), respectively. Its reversibility also exceeded 95%. Following this, the sample containing sulfuric acid showed good performance, with capacities of 1018, 1139.87, an‎d 1160.34 mAh/g. The sample treated with nitric acid exhibited the weakest performance in terms of charge/discharge behavior an‎d impedance. In the second part of the study, the optimized sample from the first part (functionalized with phosphoric acid) underwent chemical functionalization at a higher temperature (200°C) for 9 hours. Based on the obtained results, the resulting battery exhibited good reversibility an‎d demonstrated a specific capacity of approximately 1410 mAh/g.

باتري ليتيم-يون , آند , كربن سياه , عاملدارسازي

Lithium-ion battery , Anode , Carbon black , Functionalization

Ehsan Poorshakoor Sharemi

Mahdi Darab- Bijan Eftekhari Yekta