Architectural Design of a 12-Classroom Boysʹ Elementary School in Dezful Using Traditional Fakhr an‎d Madin Principles

10/13/2026 12:00:00 AM

The quality of the educational environment has a direct impact on the physical health, psychological well-being, an‎d academic performance of students. Among environmental factors, daylight holds vital importance due to its biological an‎d psychological benefits as well as energy-saving potential. However, achieving sufficient an‎d uniform levels of daylight in educational buildings—especially in regions with hot an‎d humid climates—has always been a design challenge. This study emphasizes the necessity of maximizing the use of natural daylight in school architectural design an‎d seeks to provide effective solutions to enhance daylight quality in these spaces. Through a comprehensive review of the previous research on optimizing daylight in schools an‎d the Fakhr an‎d Madin patterns, the theoretical foundations of this research were developed. This in-depth examination enabled the extraction of key findings, successful patterns, an‎d performance criteria required to improve the quality an‎d efficiency of daylight use. Special attention was given to design strategies compatible with the hot an‎d humid (or hot an‎d dry) climate of Khuzestan province, where intense sunlight an‎d heat deman‎d unique design approaches. The research an‎d analyses conducted indicate that employing indigenous, climate-adaptive design patterns can be an effective strategy for optimizing daylight in schools. Specifically, this study highlights the application of the Fakhr an‎d Madin pattern. The results demonstrate that utilizing the design principles of this pattern—which include the use of effective shading elements, adjustment of window size an‎d orientation, an‎d control of direct solar radiation—can significantly enhance daylight efficiency, improve uniformity, an‎d reduce glare in educational spaces within the Khuzestan climate.

طراحي مدرسه , نور روز , فخر و مدين , دزفول

school design , daylight , Fakhr an‎d Madin , Dezful

Amirabbas Pourmehdi

Mrs Samaneh Taghdir