Design, characterization, an‎d synthesis of a core–shell magnetic nanocomposite based on creatine an‎d copper(I) ions, an‎d eva‎luation of its catalytic performance in multicomponent reactions an‎d the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives.

10/1/2026 12:00:00 AM

Magnetic nanocomposites have attracted significant attention as effective catalysts in organic reactions due to their unique features such as easy recovery using an external magnetic field, high surface area, suitable chemical stability, an‎d the ability for surface functionalization. The combination of these materials with active metals an‎d organic ligan‎ds enables the design of efficient, green, an‎d recyclable catalytic systems. In this study, a novel magnetic core–shell nanocomposite with the structure Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@APTES@Keratin@Cu(I) was designed, synthesized, an‎d characterized. The magnetic Fe₃O₄ core was coated with a protective silica shell an‎d subsequently functionalized using APTES. Then, keratin, a natural biomolecule with suitable coordination capability, was attached to the nanocomposite surface, followed by the immobilization of Cu(I) ions to create active catalytic sites. The structure of the synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), an‎d thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The obtained results confirmed the successful synthesis an‎d desirable thermal, magnetic, an‎d structural properties of the final compound. The catalytic performance of the nanocomposite was investigated in multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives under solvent-free conditions, at room temperature, an‎d in the presence of only 20 mg of catalyst. The excellent yields an‎d high reusability of the catalyst without significant loss of activity make this material an efficient, green, an‎d cost-effective option for application in click reactions.

نانوكاتاليزور مغناطيسي , واكنش كليك , كراتين

magnetic nanocatalyst , Click reaction , creatine

Majid Mashhadi

Dr Mohammad Reza NaeimiJamal