سيدفرهنگ توسلي كاخكي

In recent decades, the growing use of artificial lighting in urban environments—particularly in large metropolitan areas—has given rise to a relatively new phenomenon known as light pollution. By diminishing the natural darkness of the night, this phenomenon has led to adverse impacts on human health, natural ecosystems, an‎d the visual quality of urban environments. These effects largely stem from improper lighting design practices, including the incorrect selec‎tion of color temperature, luminous intensity, an‎d emission angles, as well as the absence of intelligent lighting control systems. The present study aims to propose a design model for urban street lighting fixtures with an emphasis on reducing light pollution, while simultaneously meeting the functional requirements of roadways an‎d contributing to the enhancement of nocturnal livability an‎d the protection of the night sky. This research adopts an applied methodology with a mixed-methods approach, combining theoretical studies, case study analyses, eva‎luation of lighting stan‎dards, field observations, an‎d interviews with experts in industrial design an‎d urban lighting. Throughout this process, technical an‎d ergonomic data are integrated with principles of sustainable design. Based on analyses of light distribution, glare levels, an‎d energy efficiency, an optimized prototype of an urban lighting fixture is developed. The findings indicate that precise design of the lighting components an‎d fixture housing—incorporating controlled emission angles, reduction of unwanted reflective surfaces, an‎d the use of LED technology alongside intelligent control systems—can significantly reduce light spill toward the sky an‎d non-target areas. In addition to energy savings, this approach enhances visual comfort, reduces glare for drivers an‎d pedestrians, an‎d increases the perceived sense of safety in urban spaces. Ultimately, the outcome of this research is a design framework for efficient, aesthetically refined, an‎d environmentally friendly urban lighting fixtures that are adaptable to local climatic conditions an‎d suitable for industrial production within the country.

طراحي چراغ شهري , آلودگي نوري , روشنايي پايدار , ارگونومي نور , بهره‌وري

Urban Lighting Design , Light pollution , Sustainable Lighting , Lighting Ergonomics , Efficiency

Farhang Tavassoli

Dr. Hassan Sadeghi - Mohsen Saffar Dezfooli