چکيده
These days, the relationship between humans and the Internet is undeniable and deeply intertwined, such
that the Internet can be considered one of humanity’s essential and vital needs. What would happen to
communication, businesses, and the overall lifestyle of humans if the Internet ceased to exist? How would
short-term or long-term disruptions impact the economy, welfare, and other major issues in countries?
To what extent can the quality of Internet services influence various dimensions, from individuals to
cities, countries, and the world? Indeed, given the increasing and ever-growing need for this undeniable
phenomenon in the current era, it is concluded that the quality of Internet services (QoS) has become
a fundamental necessity today. Operators are in an endless race to provide the best services to their
subscribers while striving to lead in technologies that enhance service quality. Consequently, the quality
of services they provide determines their survival. With the advancement of mobile networks, a new
concept of quality, known as Quality of Experience (QoE), has emerged. This concept considers not only
the quality of services but also the user’s satisfaction with the provided service. Accurate measurement
of QoE enables operators to offer services tailored to user satisfaction.
Measuring and evaluating QoE has not been an easy task for operators, as it poses its own unique
challenges. For instance, measuring and modeling QoE is highly complex and cannot be assessed using
conventional methods based on specific parameters. Another significant challenge in evaluating QoE is
that operators lack insight into users’ perceptions and feedback regarding the services during their usage.
As a result, they are directly or indirectly striving to gather this feedback. In the following sections,
methods for modeling quality and obtaining this feedback will be discussed. This can assist operators in
meeting users’ quality requirements at any given moment and, consequently, enhance satisfaction with
the quality of provided services. Additionally, machine learning models will be proposed to improve
the accuracy of measuring this critical phenomenon, and various categories of QoE and QoS will be
introduced based on the type of service offered.
