This seminar presents a comprehensive review of recent catalytic systems an‎d mechanistic advances in the reduction of p-nitrophenol (4-NP) to p-aminophenol (4-AP), a reaction widely employed as a benchmark for eva‎luating nanocatalyst performance. The study integrates findings from monometallic, bimetallic, supported, an‎d framework-based catalysts developed between 2014 an‎d 2024, highlighting how composition, morphology, an‎d synthesis routes influence catalytic efficiency, stability, an‎d recyclability. Particular emphasis is placed on the Langmuir–Hinshelwood surface mechanism, kinetic parameters, an‎d induction phenomena that define the reaction’s behavior in aqueous borohydride systems. The review further explores how modern nanomaterials—including carbon-supported metals, MOF/COF composites, an‎d green-synthesized catalysts—achieve enhanced electron transfer, minimized activation energy, an‎d sustained recyclability under environmentally benign conditions. Comparative analyses demonstrate the convergence of catalytic an‎d sensing functionalities, revealing shared surface processes that govern both detection an‎d degradation of 4-NP. Overall, the seminar consolidates mechanistic insights, experimental methodologies, an‎d emerging trends toward sustainable nanocatalyst design, offering a unified framework for advancing heterogeneous catalysis in environmental remediation

12/17/2025 12:00:00 AM

89689

1404/11/26

A review of recent catalytic processes in the field of nitrophenol reduction

كاهش نيتروفنل , نانوكاتاليست , سيستم‌هاي دو فلزي

p-Nitrophenol reduction , nanocatalysts , bimetallic systems