چكيده به لاتين
Nowadays, energy consumption, carbon emission, and waste generation are considered as the main concerns regarded in sustainable development. Hence, construction section should be considered specifically as a prominent energy consumer, carbon emission factor and waste generator. Numerous methods are employed to control these three issues and one of them is using building information modeling - BIM. In this thesis, firstly, data collection was conducted through polls and interviews and also interpretation of their results. Wastes generated by 18 different construction materials were considered in two modes: used and not used. Secondly, two residential buildings with reinforced concrete and steel structures and one public educational building were evaluated to accurately assess using BIM technique and its effects on embodied carbon and embodied energy. For facilitated calculations regarding carbon, energy and waste, a program was run under Excel. It was identified that the weighted average for reductions in waste generation was approximately 37 to 42 percent for all the construction materials, 25 to 27 percent for structure, 55 to 56 percent for brickwork and 54 to 56 percent for joinery. The most and least significant optimization in using materials was observed in joinery stage and structure, respectively. For some materials, waste generation was reduced to 7 percent. Consumption and emission of energy was 2.8 and 2.9 respectively; for carbon the amounts were 3.0 and 3.2 respectively. Energy consumption and CO2 emission per each m2 were reduced by 213 to 276 Mj and 19 to 26 kg respectively. The program run in Excel makes calculations for three parameters easier and also provides related analytical diagrams.
