چكيده به لاتين
Abstract
Obtaining competitive advantages, increasing customer satisfaction and market share; organizations need to have innovation. Innovation, especially in complex products, is known as a result of team working and also cross- functional communications. While capabilities in networking and human resource management in an organization is an important characteristics in a professional organization; communities of practices is known as a technique in networking.
Communities of practices are communities in which organizations attempt to develop learning, sharing knowledge, exchanging their best experiments in a specific knowledge field and organizations are seeking such these communities.
Typologically, communities of practices are different. In this thesis we offer a model by which we may find out which one more suits which organization. By the other words, during creation of communities of practice we may notice the type of the organization or the synchronization between an organization's variables and its own specific communities of practices.
Also some organizations who have established their communities of practices, may use this model to modify and improve their structures. In this research, firstly, we introduce typological elements in communities of practices and then the relation between these elements and organization's variables through a conceptual pattern is presented. Making use of the research, we also developed an executive model in which a Fuzzy Inference System is established. An expert system in MATLAB environment, is also developed based on a conceptual model which makes this conceptual model into a profitable and useful software. The software helps organizations to do better in choosing the proper communities of practices. In a technological based organization then, this executive model was examined as a case study to verify the usage of executive model. Presenting a model or rule for amendment the organization's structure is one of its innovations and that is the rule of synchronization between the type of communities of practices and the type of organizations conditions.
Using this rule will help creating efficient communities of practices and via coordination between these communities and the organization, learning and innovation will improve.
Key words: communities of practice, organization's variables, fuzzy inference system, innovation
