چكيده به لاتين
In recent years, we have witnessed growing global awareness in regard to environmental issues and pollution control and their importance for preservation of Earth and its natural resources. One of the most important outcomes of this awareness has been the imbuement of business strategies with green principles, leading to concept such as green supply chain management (GSCM). Design of sustainable supply chain networks is a closely associated subject of study worthy of attention. This study presents a multi-objective, multi-period, and multi-product closed-loop supply chain model consisting of six tiers: manufacture centers, warehouses, customers, and collection, recycling, and disposal centers. The objectives are set to minimize supply chain costs, maximize customer satisfaction, create job opportunities, and reduce the greenhouse gas emission. Considering the clear conflict between the defined objectives, the model is solved by a multi-criteria decision-making method known as fuzzy normalized programming. The disruption possibility assumed for transportation routes is addressed with combined use of robust optimization and scenario-based methodology. The results of a numerical example and a sensitivity analysis demonstrate the good performance and applicability of the model.
