چكيده به لاتين
Abstract:
Thermochromic coatings are classidied as intelligent coatings which are commonly based on vanadium oxide phases. The main characteristic of these coatings is the different IR transmission at low and high temperatures so that by enhancing temperature the IR transmission of the coating would be reduced. The aim of this project was to synthesize a VO2 based coating on the surface of a soda lime glass via sol-gel method.
At first part, vanadium sols without and with 1 and 2 wt.% of tungsten was prepared. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) results showed the presence of particles with the size of approximately 147 nm. After gellation, different atmosphere and conditions were examined to synthesize a pure VO2 powder. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) results at ambient temperature along with XRD pattern at 100 °C clearly showed a monoclinic to rutile transition in this powder. The lattice strain was calculated according to the Williamson-Hall equation. It was about 0.0072 for tungsten-free powder, 0.0143 for VO2 powder containing 1 wt.% W and 0.0387 for VO2 powder containing 2 wt.% W. After that, the resulted gels were coated on glass and according to grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXRD) pattern, it was found out that VO2 and V6O13 were formed. Spectrophotometry results showed that for the VO2 tungsten-free coating, the transmission was increased from 70% to 75% for the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1100 nm. However, the spectrophotometry results for the coating containing 2 wt.% W showed that the total transmission was reduced to 35%. The transmission was increased from 12% to 35% for the wavelength range from 400 nm to 600 nm and then reduced to almost 22% in the wavelength range from 600 nm to 1100 nm. To investigate the microstructural properties of these coatings, field emission sccannig electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis was used. According to FESEM results, by increasing W from 0 to 2 wt%, the average crystallite size was reduced from 50nm to 25nm. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) results for the tungsten-free coating and which that containing 1 wt% W showed the presence of a 1.6 eV and 1.5 eV band gap, respectively. Ellipsometry result showed that the thin film’s thickness was about 53 nm.
Keywords: VO2 phase, transmission, crystallite size, band gap.