چكيده به لاتين
Abstract:
Nowadays, supply chains are so sensitive to demand changes and it's fluctuations due to their complex structures and also in some cases perishability and intense diversity keeps holding inventory for next periods, so products will be auctioned. A little change in each factor can have great effect on supply chains and will cause lost market share in competitive cases, so considering pricing in supply chains at planning time, will improve competitiveness, flexibility and effectiveness in addition to revenue management. In this research, pricing in reverse auction has been modeled by mathematical programming with considering competition between main members of the supply chain (supplier and distributor).
The concept of stacklberg game has been implemented to model the competition in a way that in the upper level, leader as the main decision maker aims to maximize his profit, and in the lower level follower wants to cover his own goals. Therefore, the proposed model is looking for optimizing decision which could satisfy both of leader and followers. A single period, multi objective bi level programming has been used to model the proposed problem.
In this thesis, the proposed model can find best suppliers in order to their efficiency, optimal retail and wholesale prices and optimal quantity of products between suppliers and distribution centers and also from distribution centers to customer in supply chain. As mentioned above, a two-stage approach have been used to find best suppliers for entering auction at the first stage and then in the next part the pricing model with auction will be modeled in bi-objective bi-level form. The proposed model deals with optimizing both maximizing profit and the value of each delivered bundle with competition for leader simultaneously. Since a bi objective bi level model has been used to model the competitive pricing with auction under uncertainty, e-constraint method has been considered to make a single objective form for the model. Because the proposed bi level model is one of the NP-hard problems, KKT exact transformation method has been implemented to integrate and solve the considered model. Moreover, the concept of possibilistic programming is being used to deal with uncertainty in proposed problem. Verification of the model and proposed solution method have been done in small scale and by changing some parameters the model's behavior have been examined, then the model accuracy have been proved. The model presented in this thesis has been considered in a real situation for solving a problem of Hamedan Glass Industry. Therefore the suggested model is implemented on this company by using real data and some analysis is proposed for improving the current situation of this industrial company.
Keywords: Pricing, Stacklberg Competition, Reverse Auction, Uncertainty, KKT Method
